without wind

sŏlĭdus, a, um (contr. collat. form sol-dus, a, um, Hor. S. 1, 2, 113; 2, 5, 65), adj. [Sanscr. sarvas, all; Gr. holos, whole; old Lat. sollus; cf. sollistimus], firm, dense, compact, not hollow, solid (class.).

Lit.: individua et solida corpora (sc. atomoi), Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 18; cf. id. Div. 2, 67, 98:

terra solida et globosa,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 137:

columna aurea (opp. extrinsecus inaurata),

id. Div. 1, 24, 48; cf.

cornua (opp. cava),

Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 127:

lapides,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 6:

corpus,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 27:

paries vel solidus vel fornicatus,

Cic. Top. 4, 22:

sphaera solida atque plena,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; cf.:

crateres auro solidi,

Verg. A. 2, 765:

ex solido elephanto,

id. G. 3, 26; id. A. 6, 69; 6, 552:

aera,

id. ib. 9, 809:

telum solidum nodis,

id. ib. 11, 553:

vasa auro solida,

Tac. A. 2, 33; 13, 10:

solidum ex auro signum,

Just. 39, 2, 5:

nunc solida est tellus, quae lacus ante fuit,

Ov. F. 6, 404; so,

ripa,

id. ib. 14, 49:

sedes (opp. aër),

id. ib. 2, 147:

navis ad ferendum incursum maris solida,

Sen. Ep. 76, 13:

sit solidum quodcumque subest,

Aus. Ed. 16, 12: solidus cibus, solid food, as opposed to fluid, Vulg. Heb. 5, 12. — Comp.:

solidior caseus factus,

Col. 7, 8, 4. — Sup.:

solidissima materiaï corpora (opp. mollia),

Lucr. 1, 565; 1, 951:

tellus,

Ov. M. 15, 262.— Subst.: sŏlĭdum, i, n., a solid substance, solidity:

cum duae formae praestantes sint, ex solidis globus, ex planis autem circulus aut orbis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 47:

nihil tangi potest, quod careat solido,

id. Univ 4, 11; cf.:

quae (species deorum) nihil concreti habeat, nihil solidi, nihil expressi,

id. N. D. 1, 27, 75:

inane abscindere soldo,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 113; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 78:

fossa fit ad solidum,

to the solid ground, to the bottom, Ov. F. 4, 821:

finditur in solidum cuneis via,

into the hard wood, Verg. G. 2, 79; 2, 231:

neque fundamenta (amphitheatri) per solidum subdidit,

Tac. A. 4, 62:

solido procedebat elephas in pontem,

on solid ground, Liv. 44, 5.—

Transf. (opp. to that which is divided, scattered, or in parts), whole, complete, entire (= integer, totus):

usurā, nec eā solidā, contentus est,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

militia semestri solidum stipendium accipere,

Liv. 5, 4:

solida taurorum viscera,

Verg. A. 6, 253:

ut solidos hauriant (serpentes) cervos taurosque,

Plin. 8, 14, 14, § 36:

quibus solida ungula,

id. 10, 63, 83, § 173:

motus terrae quasdam (civitates) solidas absorbuit,

Just. 30, 4, 3:

ut decies solidum exsorberet,

i. e. at once, in one draught, Hor. S. 2, 3, 240: decem annos solidos errasse, Varr. ap. Non. 405, 21; cf.:

partem solido demere de die,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 20:

annus,

Liv. 1, 19:

hora,

Juv. 11, 205:

parum solidum consulatum explere,

incomplete, Liv. 4, 8 fin.:

vos, quibus...solidae suo stant robore vires,

Verg. A. 2, 639.—As substt.

In gen.: sŏlĭdum, i, n., the whole sum:

ita bona veneant, ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46; Hor. S. 2, 5, 65; Quint. 5, 10, 105; Tac. A. 6, 17; Dig. 45, 2, 2 sq.—

In partic.: sŏlĭdus, i, m. (sc. nummus), in the time of the emperors a gold coin, at first called aureus, and worth about twenty-five denarii, afterwards reduced nearly one half in value, Dig. 9, 3, 5; 11, 4, 1; 21, 1, 42; Cod. Just. 10, 70, 5; App. M. 10, p. 242, 34; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; Vulg. 1 Par. 29, 7; id. 1 Esd. 2, 69; id. Ecclus. 29, 7.—

Trop., sound, solid, substantial, genuine, true, real (in this sense a favorite word with Cic.; syn.: firmus, constans, stabilis;

opp. inanis, levis, vanus, mobilis, etc.): solida et perpetua fides,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 44; so,

fides,

Tac. H. 2, 7:

solida et robusta et assidua frequentia,

Cic. Planc. 8, 21:

solida atque robusta eloquentia,

Quint. 10, 1, 2:

solida ac virilis ingenii vis,

id. 2, 5, 23:

est enim gloria solida quaedam res et expressa, non adumbrata,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3:

judicia solida et expressa,

id. Planc. 12, 29:

justitiae effigies,

id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

quod appellant honestum, non tam solido quam splendido nomine,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 61:

suavitas austera et solida,

id. de Or. 3, 26, 103:

solida veraque laus,

id. Sest. 43, 93; cf.:

solida laus ac vera dignitas,

id. Vatin. 3, 8:

gloria (with vera),

id. Phil. 5, 18, 50: nostra gloria, cum sit ex solido, Curt. 9, 2, 14:

nulla utilitas (with puerilis delectatio),

Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 72:

salus,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 10:

gratia,

id. Curc. 3, 35; Ov. M. 12, 576:

beneficium,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 32:

gaudium,

id. And. 4, 1, 24:

libertas,

Liv. 2, 2, 6; Tac. Or. 9:

fides,

id. H. 2, 79:

mens,

firm, determined, Hor. C. 3, 3, 4:

solidum opus doctrinae,

Val. Max. 4, 1, ext. 1:

in solidiore aliquo scripti genere,

Sen. Contr. 1, 8, 16:

gravior solidiorque sententia,

Gell. 11, 13, 8:

virtus,

Val. Max. 2, 8, 5; 5, 4, ext. 5:

vinum,

Pall. 11, 14 fin.— Neutr. absol.:

quibus ex rebus nihil est, quod solidum tenere possis,

Cic. Pis. 25, 60:

multos in solido rursus Fortuna locavit,

in safety, Verg. A. 11, 427; cf.:

praesentia bona nondum tota in solido sunt,

Sen. Ben. 3, 4, 2:

nostra gloria, cum sit ex solido,

Curt. 9, 2, 14:

ut salus ejus locetur in solido,

Amm. 17, 5, 11.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

sŏlĭdum (very rare), soundly, thoroughly:

dinoscere cautus Quid solidum crepet,

Pers. 5, 25:

Venus irata solidum,

App. M. 5, p. 171, 24.—

sŏlĭdē (not in Cic.).

(Acc. to I.) Densely, closely, solidly:

solide et crassis viminibus contexta cista,

Col. 12, 56, 2:

solide natus est,

i. e. without a hollow place, without wind in one's inside, Petr. 47, 4.— Comp.:

concreta aqua,

Gell. 19, 5, 5.—

(Acc. to II.) Surely, wholly, fully, truly:

neque, natus necne is fuerit, id solide scio,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 8; 4, 2, 47; Ter And. 5, 5, 8; App. M. 3, p. 135, 41; Spart. Ael. Ver. 8.

sŏlĭdus, a, um (contr. collat. form sol-dus, a, um, Hor. S. 1, 2, 113; 2, 5, 65), adj. [Sanscr. sarvas, all; Gr. holos, whole; old Lat. sollus; cf. sollistimus], firm, dense, compact, not hollow, solid (class.).

Lit.: individua et solida corpora (sc. atomoi), Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 18; cf. id. Div. 2, 67, 98:

terra solida et globosa,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 137:

columna aurea (opp. extrinsecus inaurata),

id. Div. 1, 24, 48; cf.

cornua (opp. cava),

Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 127:

lapides,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 6:

corpus,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 27:

paries vel solidus vel fornicatus,

Cic. Top. 4, 22:

sphaera solida atque plena,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; cf.:

crateres auro solidi,

Verg. A. 2, 765:

ex solido elephanto,

id. G. 3, 26; id. A. 6, 69; 6, 552:

aera,

id. ib. 9, 809:

telum solidum nodis,

id. ib. 11, 553:

vasa auro solida,

Tac. A. 2, 33; 13, 10:

solidum ex auro signum,

Just. 39, 2, 5:

nunc solida est tellus, quae lacus ante fuit,

Ov. F. 6, 404; so,

ripa,

id. ib. 14, 49:

sedes (opp. aër),

id. ib. 2, 147:

navis ad ferendum incursum maris solida,

Sen. Ep. 76, 13:

sit solidum quodcumque subest,

Aus. Ed. 16, 12: solidus cibus, solid food, as opposed to fluid, Vulg. Heb. 5, 12. — Comp.:

solidior caseus factus,

Col. 7, 8, 4. — Sup.:

solidissima materiaï corpora (opp. mollia),

Lucr. 1, 565; 1, 951:

tellus,

Ov. M. 15, 262.— Subst.: sŏlĭdum, i, n., a solid substance, solidity:

cum duae formae praestantes sint, ex solidis globus, ex planis autem circulus aut orbis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 47:

nihil tangi potest, quod careat solido,

id. Univ 4, 11; cf.:

quae (species deorum) nihil concreti habeat, nihil solidi, nihil expressi,

id. N. D. 1, 27, 75:

inane abscindere soldo,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 113; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 78:

fossa fit ad solidum,

to the solid ground, to the bottom, Ov. F. 4, 821:

finditur in solidum cuneis via,

into the hard wood, Verg. G. 2, 79; 2, 231:

neque fundamenta (amphitheatri) per solidum subdidit,

Tac. A. 4, 62:

solido procedebat elephas in pontem,

on solid ground, Liv. 44, 5.—

Transf. (opp. to that which is divided, scattered, or in parts), whole, complete, entire (= integer, totus):

usurā, nec eā solidā, contentus est,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

militia semestri solidum stipendium accipere,

Liv. 5, 4:

solida taurorum viscera,

Verg. A. 6, 253:

ut solidos hauriant (serpentes) cervos taurosque,

Plin. 8, 14, 14, § 36:

quibus solida ungula,

id. 10, 63, 83, § 173:

motus terrae quasdam (civitates) solidas absorbuit,

Just. 30, 4, 3:

ut decies solidum exsorberet,

i. e. at once, in one draught, Hor. S. 2, 3, 240: decem annos solidos errasse, Varr. ap. Non. 405, 21; cf.:

partem solido demere de die,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 20:

annus,

Liv. 1, 19:

hora,

Juv. 11, 205:

parum solidum consulatum explere,

incomplete, Liv. 4, 8 fin.:

vos, quibus...solidae suo stant robore vires,

Verg. A. 2, 639.—As substt.

In gen.: sŏlĭdum, i, n., the whole sum:

ita bona veneant, ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46; Hor. S. 2, 5, 65; Quint. 5, 10, 105; Tac. A. 6, 17; Dig. 45, 2, 2 sq.—

In partic.: sŏlĭdus, i, m. (sc. nummus), in the time of the emperors a gold coin, at first called aureus, and worth about twenty-five denarii, afterwards reduced nearly one half in value, Dig. 9, 3, 5; 11, 4, 1; 21, 1, 42; Cod. Just. 10, 70, 5; App. M. 10, p. 242, 34; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; Vulg. 1 Par. 29, 7; id. 1 Esd. 2, 69; id. Ecclus. 29, 7.—

Trop., sound, solid, substantial, genuine, true, real (in this sense a favorite word with Cic.; syn.: firmus, constans, stabilis;

opp. inanis, levis, vanus, mobilis, etc.): solida et perpetua fides,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 44; so,

fides,

Tac. H. 2, 7:

solida et robusta et assidua frequentia,

Cic. Planc. 8, 21:

solida atque robusta eloquentia,

Quint. 10, 1, 2:

solida ac virilis ingenii vis,

id. 2, 5, 23:

est enim gloria solida quaedam res et expressa, non adumbrata,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3:

judicia solida et expressa,

id. Planc. 12, 29:

justitiae effigies,

id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

quod appellant honestum, non tam solido quam splendido nomine,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 61:

suavitas austera et solida,

id. de Or. 3, 26, 103:

solida veraque laus,

id. Sest. 43, 93; cf.:

solida laus ac vera dignitas,

id. Vatin. 3, 8:

gloria (with vera),

id. Phil. 5, 18, 50: nostra gloria, cum sit ex solido, Curt. 9, 2, 14:

nulla utilitas (with puerilis delectatio),

Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 72:

salus,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 10:

gratia,

id. Curc. 3, 35; Ov. M. 12, 576:

beneficium,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 32:

gaudium,

id. And. 4, 1, 24:

libertas,

Liv. 2, 2, 6; Tac. Or. 9:

fides,

id. H. 2, 79:

mens,

firm, determined, Hor. C. 3, 3, 4:

solidum opus doctrinae,

Val. Max. 4, 1, ext. 1:

in solidiore aliquo scripti genere,

Sen. Contr. 1, 8, 16:

gravior solidiorque sententia,

Gell. 11, 13, 8:

virtus,

Val. Max. 2, 8, 5; 5, 4, ext. 5:

vinum,

Pall. 11, 14 fin.— Neutr. absol.:

quibus ex rebus nihil est, quod solidum tenere possis,

Cic. Pis. 25, 60:

multos in solido rursus Fortuna locavit,

in safety, Verg. A. 11, 427; cf.:

praesentia bona nondum tota in solido sunt,

Sen. Ben. 3, 4, 2:

nostra gloria, cum sit ex solido,

Curt. 9, 2, 14:

ut salus ejus locetur in solido,

Amm. 17, 5, 11.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

sŏlĭdum (very rare), soundly, thoroughly:

dinoscere cautus Quid solidum crepet,

Pers. 5, 25:

Venus irata solidum,

App. M. 5, p. 171, 24.—

sŏlĭdē (not in Cic.).

(Acc. to I.) Densely, closely, solidly:

solide et crassis viminibus contexta cista,

Col. 12, 56, 2:

solide natus est,

i. e. without a hollow place, without wind in one's inside, Petr. 47, 4.— Comp.:

concreta aqua,

Gell. 19, 5, 5.—

(Acc. to II.) Surely, wholly, fully, truly:

neque, natus necne is fuerit, id solide scio,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 8; 4, 2, 47; Ter And. 5, 5, 8; App. M. 3, p. 135, 41; Spart. Ael. Ver. 8.

ex-ănĭmis, e, and ex-ănĭmus, a, um (cf. Wagner ad Verg. A. 4, 8; the latter form common in the plur., of which the former has only exanimes, nom. and acc.), adj. [anima], lifeless, dead (mostly postAug.; not in Cic. and Caes.; cf.: inanimis, exanimatus, mortuus).

Lit.

Form exanimis:

(columba) Decidit exanimis,

Verg. A. 5, 517; cf. id. ib. 5, 481:

ut exanimem labentem ex equo Scipionem vidit,

Liv. 25, 34 fin.:

aliquamdiu jacuit,

Suet. Caes. 82 et saep.:

corpus,

Ov. M. 14, 728; 10, 721; 13, 438; Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 2; Curt. 8, 11, 16; 9, 5, 8; Plin. 9, 21, 38, § 74:

caro,

id. 11, 33, 39, § 114; Quint. 4, 2, 13; cf.

artus,

Ov. M. 2, 336.— Poet.:

gelidae exanimesque favillae,

i. e. dead, extinguished, Stat. Th. 12, 418:

hiems,

i. e. calm, without wind, id. ib. 7, 88.—

Form exanimus:

pueri,

Lucr. 6, 1256:

nos juvenem exanimum... vano maesti comitamur honore,

Verg. A. 11, 51:

pacem me exanimis et Martis sorte peremptis Oratis?

id. ib. 11, 110:

partim exanimos ante vallum aut in amnem Rhenum proiciunt,

Tac. A. 1, 32:

corpus exanimum,

Lucr. 6, 705; so,

corpus (corpora),

id. 6, 1273; Col. 12, 45, 4; Curt. 10, 10, 12; Verg. A. 1, 484; 6, 149; 9, 444; Liv. 25, 26; Plin. 10, 3, 3, § 8.—As subst.: exănĭma, ōrum, n., lifeless things, Lact. 2, 2, 17; id. Epit. 25, 15.—

Transf., half dead with fear, terrified, dismayed (very rare;

only in form exanimis): audiit exanimis,

Verg. A. 4, 672; cf. Hor. S. 1, 1, 76; 2, 6, 114; Liv. 1, 25, 6.

ex-ănĭmis, e, and ex-ănĭmus, a, um (cf. Wagner ad Verg. A. 4, 8; the latter form common in the plur., of which the former has only exanimes, nom. and acc.), adj. [anima], lifeless, dead (mostly postAug.; not in Cic. and Caes.; cf.: inanimis, exanimatus, mortuus).

Lit.

Form exanimis:

(columba) Decidit exanimis,

Verg. A. 5, 517; cf. id. ib. 5, 481:

ut exanimem labentem ex equo Scipionem vidit,

Liv. 25, 34 fin.:

aliquamdiu jacuit,

Suet. Caes. 82 et saep.:

corpus,

Ov. M. 14, 728; 10, 721; 13, 438; Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 2; Curt. 8, 11, 16; 9, 5, 8; Plin. 9, 21, 38, § 74:

caro,

id. 11, 33, 39, § 114; Quint. 4, 2, 13; cf.

artus,

Ov. M. 2, 336.— Poet.:

gelidae exanimesque favillae,

i. e. dead, extinguished, Stat. Th. 12, 418:

hiems,

i. e. calm, without wind, id. ib. 7, 88.—

Form exanimus:

pueri,

Lucr. 6, 1256:

nos juvenem exanimum... vano maesti comitamur honore,

Verg. A. 11, 51:

pacem me exanimis et Martis sorte peremptis Oratis?

id. ib. 11, 110:

partim exanimos ante vallum aut in amnem Rhenum proiciunt,

Tac. A. 1, 32:

corpus exanimum,

Lucr. 6, 705; so,

corpus (corpora),

id. 6, 1273; Col. 12, 45, 4; Curt. 10, 10, 12; Verg. A. 1, 484; 6, 149; 9, 444; Liv. 25, 26; Plin. 10, 3, 3, § 8.—As subst.: exănĭma, ōrum, n., lifeless things, Lact. 2, 2, 17; id. Epit. 25, 15.—

Transf., half dead with fear, terrified, dismayed (very rare;

only in form exanimis): audiit exanimis,

Verg. A. 4, 672; cf. Hor. S. 1, 1, 76; 2, 6, 114; Liv. 1, 25, 6.

ănĭmus, i, m. [a Graeco-Italic form of anemos = wind (as ego, lego, of ego, lego); cf. Sanscr. an = to breathe, anas = breath, anilas = wind; Goth. uz-ana = exspiro; Erse, anal = breath; Germ. Unst = a storm (so, sometimes); but Curt. does not extend the connection to AФ, aêmi = to blow; a modification of animus—by making which the Romans took a step in advance of the Greeks, who used hê psuchê for both these ideas—is anima, which has the physical meaning of anemos, so that Cic. was theoretically right, but historically wrong, when he said, ipse animus ab anima dictus est, Tusc. 1, 9, 19; after the same analogy we have from psuchô = to breathe, blow, psuchê = breath, life, soul; from pneô = to breathe, pneuma = air, breath, life, in class. Greek, and = spirit, a spiritual being, in Hellenistic Greek; from spiro = to breathe, blow, spiritus = breath, breeze, energy, high spirit, and poet. and post-Aug. = soul, mind; the Engl. ghost = Germ. Geist may be comp. with Germ. giessen and cheô, to pour, and for this interchange of the ideas of gases and liquids, cf. Sol. 22: insula adspiratur freto Gallico, is flowed upon, washed, by the Gallic Strait; the Sanscr. atman = breath, soul, with which comp. aytmê = breath; Germ. Odem = breath, and Athem = breath, soul, with which group Curt. connects auô, aêmi; the Heb. = breath, life, soul; and = breath, wind, life, spirit, soul or mind].

In a general sense, the rational soul in man (in opp. to the body, corpus, and to the physical life, anima), hê psuchê:

humanus animus decerptus ex mente divina,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38:

Corpus animum praegravat, Atque affixit humo divinae particulam aurae,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 77:

credo deos immortales sparsisse animos in corpora humana, ut essent qui terras tuerentur etc.,

Cic. Sen. 21, 77:

eas res tueor animi non corporis viribus,

id. ib. 11, 38; so id. Off. 1, 23, 79:

quae (res) vel infirmis corporibus animo tamen administratur,

id. Sen. 6, 15; id. Off. 1, 29, 102:

omnes animi cruciatus et corporis,

id. Cat. 4, 5, 10:

levantes Corpus et animum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 141:

formam et figuram animi magis quam corporis complecti,

Tac. Agr. 46; id. H. 1, 22:

animi validus et corpore ingens,

id. A. 15, 53:

Aristides primus animum pinxit et sensus hominis expressit, quae vocantur Graece ethe, item perturbationes,

first painted the soul, put a soul into his figures, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 98 (cf.:

animosa signa,

life-like statues, Prop. 4, 8, 9): si nihil esset in eo (animo), nisi id, ut per eum viveremus, i. e. were it mere anima, Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 56:

Singularis est quaedam natura atque vis animi, sejuncta ab his usitatis notisque naturis, i. e. the four material elements,

id. ib. 1, 27, 66: Neque nos corpora sumus. Cum igitur nosce te dicit, hoc dicit, nosce animum tuum, id. ib. 1, 22, 52:

In quo igitur loco est (animus)? Credo equidem in capite,

id. ib. 1, 29, 70:

corpora nostra, terreno principiorum genere confecta, ardore animi concalescunt,

derive their heat from the fiery nature of the soul, id. ib. 1, 18, 42:

Non valet tantum animus, ut se ipsum ipse videat: at, ut oculus, sic animus, se non videns alia cernit,

id. ib. 1, 27, 67: foramina illa ( the senses), quae patent ad animum a corpore, callidissimo artificio natura fabricata est, id. ib. 1, 20, 47: dum peregre est animus sine corpore velox, independently of the body, i. e. the mind roaming in thought, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 13:

discessus animi a corpore,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18; 1, 30, 72:

cum nihil erit praeter animum,

when there shall be nothing but the soul, when the soul shall be disembodied, id. ib. 1, 20, 47; so,

animus vacans corpore,

id. ib. 1, 22, 50; and:

animus sine corpore,

id. ib. 1, 22, 51:

sine mente animoque nequit residere per artus pars ulla animai,

Lucr. 3, 398 (for the pleonasm here, v. infra, II. A. 1.):

Reliquorum sententiae spem adferunt posse animos, cum e corporibus excesserint in caelum pervenire,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:

permanere animos arbitramur consensu nationum omnium,

id. ib. 1, 16, 36:

Pherecydes primus dixit animos esse hominum sempiternos,

id. ib. 1, 16, 38:

Quod ni ita se haberet, ut animi immortales essent, haud etc.,

id. Sen. 23, 82: immortalitas animorum, id. ib. 21, 78; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24; 1, 14, 30:

aeternitas animorum,

id. ib. 1, 17, 39; 1, 22, 50 (for the plur. animorum, in this phrase, cf. Cic. Sen. 23, 84); for the atheistic notions about the soul, v. Lucr. bk. iii.—

In a more restricted sense, the mind as thinking, feeling, willing, the intellect, the sensibility, and the will, acc. to the almost universally received division of the mental powers since the time of Kant (Diog. Laert. 8, 30, says that Pythagoras divided hê psuchê into ho nous, hai phrenes, and ho thumos; and that man had ho nous and ho thumos in common with other animals, but he alone had hai phrenes. Here ho nous and ho thumos must denote the understanding and the sensibility, and hai phrenes, the reason. Plutarch de Placit. 4, 21, says that the Stoics called the supreme faculty of the mind (to hêgemonikon tês psuchês) ho logismos, reason. Cic. sometimes speaks of a twofold division; as, Est animus in partes tributus duas, quarum altera rationis est particeps, altera expers (i. e. to logistikon and to alogon of Plato; cf. Tert. Anim. 16), i. e. the reason or intellect and the sensibility, Tusc. 2, 21, 47; so id. Off. 1, 28, 101; 1, 36, 132; id. Tusc 4, 5, 10; and again of a threefold; as, Plato triplicem finxit animum, cujus principatum, id est rationem in capite sicut in arce posuit, et duas partes ( the two other parts) ei parere voluit, iram et cupiditatem, quas locis disclusit; iram in pectore, cupiditatem subter praecordia locavit, i. e. the reason or intellect, and the sensibility here resolved into desire and aversion, id. ib. 1, 10, 20; so id. Ac. 2, 39, 124. The will, hê boulêsis, voluntas, arbitrium, seems to have been sometimes merged in the sensibility, ho thumos, animus, animi, sensus, and sometimes identified with the intellect or reason, ho nous, ho logismos, mens, ratio).

1.. The general power of perception and thought, the reason, intellect, mind (syn.: mens, ratio, ingenium), ho nous:

cogito cum meo animo,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; so Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 55:

cum animis vestris cogitare,

Cic. Agr. 2, 24:

recordari cum animo,

id. Clu. 25, 70;

and without cum: animo meditari,

Nep. Ages. 4, 1; cf. id. Ham. 4, 2:

cogitare volvereque animo,

Suet. Vesp. 5:

animo cogitare,

Vulg. Eccli. 37, 9:

statuere apud animum,

Liv. 34, 2:

proposui in animo meo,

Vulg. Eccli. 1, 12:

nisi me animus fallit, hi sunt, etc.,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 23:

in dubio est animus,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; id. ib. prol. 1; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 29:

animum ad se ipsum advocamus,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

lumen animi, ingenii consiliique tui,

id. Rep. 6, 12 al. —

For the sake of rhet. fulness, animus often has a synonym joined with it: Mens et animus et consilium et sententia civitatis posita est in legibus,

Cic. Clu. 146:

magnam cui mentem animumque Delius inspirat vates,

Verg. A. 6, 11:

complecti animo et cogitatione,

Cic. Off. 1, 32, 117; id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:

animis et cogitatione comprehendere,

id. Fl. 27, 66:

cum omnia ratione animoque lustraris,

id. Off. 1, 17, 56:

animorum ingeniorumque naturale quoddam quasi pabulum consideratio naturae,

id. Ac. 2, 41, 127.—Hence the expressions: agitatio animi, attentio, contentio; animi adversio; applicatio animi; judicium, opinio animorum, etc. (v. these vv.); and animum advertere, adjungere, adplicare, adpellere, inducere, etc. (v. these vv.).—

Of particular faculties of mind, the memory:

etiam nunc mihi Scripta illa dicta sunt in animo Chrysidis,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 46:

An imprimi, quasi ceram, animum putamus etc. (an idea of Aristotle's),

Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 61:

ex animo effluere,

id. de Or. 2, 74, 300: omnia fert aetas, animum quoque;

... Nunc oblita mihi tot carmina,

Verg. E. 9, 51.—

Consciousness (physically considered) or the vital power, on which consciousness depends ( = conscientia, q. v. II. A., or anima, q. v. II. E.):

vae miserae mihi. Animo malest: aquam velim,

I'm fainting, my wits are going, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 6; id. Curc. 2, 3, 33:

reliquit animus Sextium gravibus acceptis vulneribus,

Caes. B. G. 6, 38:

Una eademque via sanguis animusque sequuntur,

Verg. A. 10, 487:

animusque reliquit euntem,

Ov. M. 10, 459:

nisi si timor abstulit omnem Sensum animumque,

id. ib. 14, 177:

linqui deinde animo et submitti genu coepit,

Curt. 4, 6, 20: repente animo linqui solebat, Suet. Caes. 45:

ad recreandos defectos animo puleio,

Plin. 20, 14, 54, § 152.—

The conscience, in mal. part. (v. conscientia, II. B. 2. b.):

cum conscius ipse animus se remordet,

Lucr. 4, 1135:

quos conscius animus exagitabat,

Sall. C. 14, 3:

suae malae cogitationes conscientiaeque animi terrent,

Cic. Sex. Rosc. 67.—

In Plaut. very freq., and once also in Cic., meton. for judicium, sententia, opinion, judgment; mostly meo quidem animo or meo animo, according to my mind, in my opinion, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 17:

e meo quidem animo aliquanto facias rectius, si, etc.,

id. Aul. 3, 6, 3:

meo quidem animo, hic tibi hodie evenit bonus,

id. Bacch. 1, 1, 69; so id. Aul. 3, 5, 4; id. Curc. 4, 2, 28; id. Bacch. 3, 2, 10; id. Ep. 1, 2, 8; id. Poen. 1, 2, 23; id. Rud. 4, 4, 94; Cic. Sest. 22:

edepol lenones meo animo novisti,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 19:

nisi, ut meus est animus, fieri non posse arbitror,

id. Cist. 1, 1, 5 (cf.:

EX MEI ANIMI SENTENTIA,

Inscr. Orell. 3665:

ex animi tui sententia,

Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108).—

The imagination, the fancy (for which Cic. often uses cogitatio, as Ac. 2, 15, 48):

cerno animo sepultam patriam, miseros atque insepultos acervos civium,

Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11:

fingere animo jubebat aliquem etc.,

id. Sen. 12, 41: Fingite animis;

litterae enim sunt cogitationes nostrae, et quae volunt, sic intuentur, ut ea cernimus, quae videmus,

id. Mil. 29, 79:

Nihil animo videre poterant,

id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38.—

The power of feeling, the sensibility, the heart, the feelings, affections, inclinations, disposition, passions (either honorable or base; syn.: sensus, adfectus, pectus, cor), ho thumos.

a.. In gen., heart, soul, spirit, feeling, inclination, affection, passion: Medea, animo aegra, amore saevo saucia, Enn. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 22 (cf. Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 36:

animo hercle homo suo est miser): tu si animum vicisti potius quam animus te, est quod gaudeas, etc.,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 27 -29:

harum scelera et lacrumae confictae dolis Redducunt animum aegrotum ad misericordiam,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 27:

Quo gemitu conversi animi (sunt),

Verg. A. 2, 73:

Hoc fletu concussi animi,

id. ib. 9, 498;

4, 310: animum offendere,

Cic. Lig. 4; id. Deiot. 33; so Vulg. Gen. 26, 35.—Mens and animus are often conjoined and contrasted, mind and heart (cf. the Homeric kata phrena kai kata thumon, in mind and heart): mentem atque animum delectat suum, entertains his mind and delights his heart, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10:

Satin tu sanus mentis aut animi tui?

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 53:

mala mens, malus animus,

bad mind, bad heart, Ter. And. 1, 1, 137:

animum et mentem meam ipsa cogitatione hominum excellentium conformabam,

Cic. Arch. 6, 14:

Nec vero corpori soli subveniendum est, sed menti atque animo multo magis,

id. Sen. 11, 36:

ut omnium mentes animosque perturbaret,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 1, 21:

Istuc mens animusque fert,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 8:

Stare Socrates dicitur tamquam quodam recessu mentis atque animi facto a corpore,

Gell. 2, 1; 15, 2, 7.—

And very rarely with this order inverted: Jam vero animum ipsum mentemque hominis, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 147:

mente animoque nobiscum agunt,

Tac. G. 29:

quem nobis animum, quas mentes imprecentur,

id. H. 1, 84;

and sometimes pleon. without such distinction: in primis regina quietum Accipit in Teucros animum mentemque benignam,

a quiet mind and kindly heart, Verg. A. 1, 304; so,

pravitas animi atque ingenii,

Vell. 2, 112, 7 (for mens et animus, etc., in the sense of thought, used as a pleonasm, v. supra, II. A. 1.):

Verum animus ubi semel se cupiditate devinxit mala, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 34:

animus perturbatus et incitatus nec cohibere se potest, nec quo loco vult insistere,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41:

animum comprimit,

id. ib. 2, 22, 53:

animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,

id. ib. 4, 37, 81; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1:

sed quid ego hic animo lamentor,

Enn. Ann. 6, 40:

tremere animo,

Cic. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4:

ingentes animo concipit iras,

Ov. M. 1, 166:

exsultare animo,

id. ib. 6, 514.—So often ex animo, from the heart, from the bottom of one's heart, deeply, truly, sincerely:

Paulum interesse censes ex animo omnia facias an de industria?

from your heart or with some design, Ter. And. 4, 4, 55; id. Ad. 1, 1, 47:

nisi quod tibi bene ex animo volo,

id. Heaut. 5, 2, 6: verbum [p. 124] ex animo dicere, id. Eun. 1, 2, 95:

sive ex animo id fit sive simulate,

Cic. N. D. 2, 67, 168:

majore studio magisve ex animo petere non possum,

id. Fam. 11, 22:

ex animo vereque diligi,

id. ib. 9, 6, 2:

ex animo dolere,

Hor. A. P. 432:

quae (gentes) dederunt terram meam sibi cum gaudio et toto corde et ex animo,

Vulg. Ezech. 36, 5; ib. Eph. 6, 6; ib. 1 Pet. 5, 3.—And with gen.

With verbs:

Quid illam miseram animi excrucias?

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 76; 4, 6, 65:

Antipho me excruciat animi,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 10:

discrucior animi,

id. Ad. 4, 4, 1:

in spe pendebit animi,

id. Heaut. 4, 4, 5: juvenemque animi miserata repressit, pitying him in her heart, thumôi phileousa te kêdomenê te (Hom. Il. 1, 196), Verg. A. 10, 686.—

With adjj.:

aeger animi,

Liv. 1, 58; 2, 36; 6, 10; Curt. 4, 3, 11; Tac. H. 3, 58:

infelix animi,

Verg. A. 4, 529:

felix animi,

Juv. 14, 159:

victus animi,

Verg. G. 4, 491:

ferox animi,

Tac. A. 1, 32:

promptus animi,

id. H. 2, 23:

praestans animi,

Verg. A. 12, 19:

ingens animi,

Tac. A. 1, 69 (for this gen. v. Ramsh. Gr. p. 323; Key, § 935; Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. v. 105; Draeger, Hist. Synt. I. p. 443).—

Meton., disposition, character (so, often ingenium): nimis paene animo es Molli, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 49:

animo audaci proripit sese,

Pac. Trag. Rel. p. 109 Rib.:

petulans protervo, iracundo animo,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 1; id. Truc. 4, 3, 1:

ubi te vidi animo esse omisso (omisso = neglegenti, Don.),

Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 9; Cic. Fam. 2. 17 fin.:

promptus animus vester,

Vulg. 2 Cor. 9, 2: animis estis simplicibus et mansuetis nimium creditis unicuique, Auct. ad Her. 4, 37:

eorum animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur,

Sall. C. 14, 5:

Hecabe, Non oblita animorum, annorum oblita suorum,

Ov. M. 13, 550:

Nihil est tam angusti animi tamque parvi, quam amare divitias,

Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:

sordidus atque animi parvi,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 10; Vell. 2, 25, 3:

Drusus animi fluxioris erat,

Suet. Tib. 52.—

In particular, some one specific emotion, inclination, or passion (honorable or base; in this signif., in the poets and prose writers, very freq. in the plur.). —

Courage, spirit:

ibi nostris animus additus est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 94; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 31; id. And. 2, 1, 33:

deficiens animo maesto cum corde jacebat,

Lucr. 6, 1232:

virtute atque animo resistere,

Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 8:

fac animo magno fortique sis,

id. ib. 6, 14 fin.:

Cassio animus accessit, et Parthis timor injectus est,

id. Att. 5, 20, 3:

nostris animus augetur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 70:

mihi in dies magis animus accenditur,

Sall. C. 20, 6; Cic. Att. 5, 18; Liv. 8, 19; 44, 29:

Nunc demum redit animus,

Tac. Agr. 3:

bellica Pallas adest, Datque animos,

Ov. M. 5, 47:

pares annis animisque,

id. ib. 7, 558:

cecidere illis animique manusque,

id. ib. 7, 347 (cf.:

tela viris animusque cadunt,

id. F. 3, 225) et saep.—Hence, bono animo esse or uti, to be of good courage, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 5: Am. Bono animo es. So. Scin quam bono animo sim? Plaut. Am. 22, 39:

In re mala animo si bono utare, adjuvat,

id. Capt. 2, 1, 9:

bono animo fac sis,

Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 1:

quin tu animo bono es,

id. ib. 4, 2, 4:

quare bono animo es,

Cic. Att. 5, 18; so Vulg. 2 Macc. 11, 26; ib. Act. 18, 25;

so also, satis animi,

sufficient courage, Ov. M. 3, 559.—Also for hope:

magnus mihi animus est, hodiernum diem initium libertatis fore,

Tac. Agr, 30.— Trop., of the violent, stormy motion of the winds of AEolus:

Aeolus mollitque animos et temperat iras,

Verg. A. 1, 57.—Of a top:

dant animos plagae,

give it new force, quicker motion, Verg. A. 7, 383.—

Of spirit in discourse: in Asinio Pollione et consilii et animi satis,

Quint. 10, 1, 113. —

Haughtiness, arrogance, pride: quae civitas est in Asia, quae unius tribuni militum animos ac spiritus capere possit? can bear the arrogance and pride, etc., Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 66:

jam insolentiam noratis hominis: noratis animos ejus ac spiritus tribunicios,

id. Clu. 39, 109; so id. Caecin. 11 al.; Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 3 (cf.:

quia paululum vobis accessit pecuniae, Sublati animi sunt,

Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 56).—

Violent passion, vehemence, wrath:

animum vincere, iracundiam cohibere, etc.,

Cic. Marcell. 3:

animum rege, qui nisi paret Imperat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

qui dominatur animo suo,

Vulg. Prov. 16, 32.—So often in plur.; cf hoi thumoi: ego meos animos violentos meamque iram ex pectore jam promam, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 43:

vince animos iramque tuam,

Ov. H. 3, 85; id. M. 8, 583; Prop. 1, 5, 12:

Parce tuis animis, vita, nocere tibi,

id. 2, 5, 18:

Sic longius aevum Destruit ingentes animos,

Luc. 8, 28:

coeunt sine more, sine arte, Tantum animis iraque,

Stat. Th. 11, 525 al. —

Moderation, patience, calmness, contentedness, in the phrase aequus animus, an even mind:

si est animus aequos tibi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 10; id. Rud. 2, 3, 71; Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 145; and often in the abl., aequo animo, with even mind, patiently, etc.:

aequo animo ferre,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 23; Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 93; id. Sen. 23, 84; Nep. Dion. 6, 4; Liv. 5, 39:

aequo animo esse,

Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7; ib. Judith, 7, 23: Aequo animo est? of merry heart (Gr. euthumei), ib. Jac. 5, 13:

animis aequis remittere,

Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

aequiore animo successorem opperiri,

Suet. Tib. 25:

haud aequioribus animis audire,

Liv. 23, 22: sapientissimus quisque aequissimo animo moritur; stultissimus iniquissimo. Cic. Sen. 23, 83; so id. Tusc. 1, 45, 109; Sall. C. 3, 2; Suet. Aug. 56:

iniquo animo,

Att. Trag. Rel. p. 150 Rib.; Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Quint. 11, 1, 66.—

Agreeable feeling, pleasure, delight:

cubat amans animo obsequens,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 134:

indulgent animis, et nulla quid utile cura est,

Ov. M. 7, 566; so, esp. freq.: animi causa (in Plaut. once animi gratia), for the sake of amusement, diversion (cf.:

haec (animalia) alunt animi voluptatisque causa,

Caes. B. G. 5, 12):

Post animi causa mihi navem faciam,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 27; so id. Trin. 2, 2, 53; id. Ep. 1, 1, 43:

liberare fidicinam animi gratia,

id. ib. 2, 2, 90:

qui illud animi causa fecerit, hunc praedae causa quid facturum putabis?

Cic. Phil. 7, 6:

habet animi causa rus amoenum et suburbanum,

id. Rosc. Am. 46 Matth.; cf. id. ib. § 134, and Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 17, 56; Cic. Fam. 7, 2:

Romanos in illis munitionibus animine causa cotidie exerceri putatis?

Caes. B. G. 7, 77; Plin. praef. 17 Sill.—

Disposition toward any one:

hoc animo in nos esse debebis, ut etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 1 fin.:

meus animus erit in te semper, quem tu esse vis,

id. ib. 5, 18 fin.:

qui, quo animo inter nos simus, ignorant,

id. ib. 3, 6; so id. ib. 4, 15;

5, 2: In quo in primis quo quisque animo, studio, benevolentia fecerit, ponderandum est,

id. Off. 1, 15, 49:

quod (Allobroges) nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,

to be well disposed, Caes. B. G. 1, 6 fin. —In the pregn. signif. of kind, friendly feeling, affection, kindness, liberality:

animum fidemque praetorianorum erga se expertus est,

Suet. Oth. 8:

Nec non aurumque animusque Latino est,

Verg. A. 12, 23.—Hence, meton., of a person who is loved, my heart, my soul:

salve, anime mi,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 3:

da, meus ocellus, mea rosa, mi anime, da, mea voluptas,

id. As. 3, 3, 74; so id. ib. 5, 2, 90; id. Curc. 1, 3, 9; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 48; id. Most. 1, 4, 23; id. Men. 1, 3, 1; id. Mil. 4, 8, 20; id. Rud. 4, 8, 1; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 15 et saep. —

The power of willing, the will, inclination, desire, purpose, design, intention (syn.: voluntas, arbitrium, mens, consilium, propositum), hê boulêsis:

qui rem publicam animo certo adjuverit,

Att. Trag Rel. p. 182 Rib.:

pro inperio tuo meum animum tibi servitutem servire aequom censui,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 23:

Ex animique voluntate id procedere primum,

goes forth at first from the inclination of the soul, Lucr. 2, 270; so,

pro animi mei voluntate,

Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 8 (v. Manut. ad h.l.):

teneo, quid animi vostri super hac re siet,

Plaut. Am. prol. 58; 1, 1, 187:

Nam si semel tuom animum ille intellexerit, Prius proditurum te etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 69:

Prius quam tuom ut sese habeat animum ad nuptias perspexerit,

id. And. 2, 3, 4:

Sin aliter animus voster est, ego etc.,

id. Ad. 3, 4, 46:

Quid mi istaec narras? an quia non audisti, de hac re animus meus ut sit?

id. Hec. 5, 2, 19:

qui ab auro gazaque regia manus, oculos, animum cohibere possit,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 66:

istum exheredare in animo habebat,

id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52: nobis crat in animo Ciceronem ad Caesarem mittere, we had it in mind to send, etc., id. Fam. 14, 11; Serv. ad Cic. ib. 4, 12:

hostes in foro constiterunt, hoc animo, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 28:

insurrexerunt uno animo in Paulum,

with one mind, Vulg. Act. 18, 12; 19, 29: persequi Jugurtham animus ardebat, Sall. J. 39, 5 Gerlach (others, animo, as Dietsch); so id. de Rep. Ord. 1, 8: in nova fert an mus mutatas dicere formas, my mind inclines to tell of, etc., Ov. M. 1, 1.—Hence, est animus alicui, with inf., to have a mind for something, to aim at, etc.:

omnibus unum Opprimere est animus,

Ov. M. 5, 150:

Sacra Jovi Stygio perficere est animus,

Verg. A. 4, 639:

Fuerat animus conjuratis corpus occisi in Tiberim trahere,

Suet. Caes. 82 fin.; id. Oth. 6; cf. id. Calig. 56.—So, aliquid alicui in animo est, with inf., Tac. G. 3.—So, inducere in animum or animum, to resolve upon doing something; v. induco.—

Trop., of the principle of life and activity in irrational objects, as in Engl. the word mind is used.

Of brutes:

in bestiis, quarum animi sunt rationis expertes,

whose minds, Cic. Tusc. 1, 33, 80:

Sunt bestiae, in quibus etiam animorum aliqua ex parte motus quosdam videmus,

id. Fin. 5, 14, 38:

ut non inscite illud dictum videatur in sue, animum illi pecudi datum pro sale, ne putisceret,

id. ib. 5, 13, 38, ubi v. Madv.:

(apes Ingentes animos angusto in pectore versant,

Verg. G. 4, 83:

Illiusque animos, qui multos perdidit unus, Sumite serpentis,

Ov. M. 3, 544:

cum pecudes pro regionis caelique statu et habitum corporis et ingenium animi et pili colorem gerant,

Col. 6, 1, 1:

Umbria (boves progenerat) vastos nec minus probabiles animis quam corporibus,

id. 6, 1, 2 si equum ipsum nudum et solum corpus ejus et animum contemplamur, App. de Deo Socr. 23 (so sometimes mens:

iniquae mentis asellus,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 20).—

Of plants:

haec quoque Exuerint silvestrem animum, i. e. naturam, ingenium,

their wild nature, Verg. G. 2, 51.—

Transf. Of God or the gods, as we say, the Divine Mind, the Mind of God:

certe et deum ipsum et divinum animum corpore liberatum cogitatione complecti possumus,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51 (so mens, of God, id. ib. 1, 22, 66; id. Ac. 2, 41, 126):

Tantaene animis caelestibus irae?

Verg. A. 1, 11.

lĕvis, e, adj. [for leg-vis; Sanscr. laghu-s, little; cf. O. H. Germ. ring-i; Germ. gering; Gr. elachus], light in weight, not heavy (opp. gravis).

Lit.:

leviora corpora (opp. graviora),

Lucr. 2, 227:

aether,

id. 5, 459:

aura,

id. 3, 196:

levior quam pluma,

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 23:

stipulae,

Verg. G. 1, 289: armatura, light armor:

levis armaturae Numidae,

the light-armed Numidians, Caes. B. G. 2, 10; also, by metonymy, lightarmed troops; v. armatura, and cf.:

sed haec fuerit nobis tamquam levis armaturae prima orationis excursio,

Cic. Div. 2, 10 fin.; so,

miles,

a light-armed soldier, Liv. 8, 8; cf.

of clothing: nudi, aut sagulo leves,

Tac. G. 6:

flebis in solo levis angiportu,

Hor. C. 1, 25, 10.—Of the earth upon the dead:

terraque securae sit super ossa levis,

Tib. 2, 4, 50;

esp. freq. on tombstones: sit tibi terra levis (abbreviated, S. T. T. L.): per leves populos,

the shades, bodiless persons, Ov. M. 10, 14:

virgaque levem coerces aurea turbam,

Hor. C. 1, 10, 18.— Poet. with inf.: fessis leviora tolli Pergama Grais, a lighter burden, i. e. easier to be destroyed, Hor. C. 2, 4, 11.—

Transf.

Light of digestion, easy to digest (mostly poet. and post-Aug.):

quae in aqua degunt, leviorem cibum praestant. Inter domesticas quadrupedes levissima suilla est, gravissima bubula,

lightest of digestion, Cels. 1, 18:

leves malvae,

Hor. C. 1, 31, 16 (cf.:

gravi Malvae salubres corpori,

id. Epod. 2, 57).—

Light in motion, swift, quick, fleet, nimble, rapid (syn.:

agilis, alacer, pernix): ipsa (diva) levi fecit volitantem flamine currum (i. e. Argo),

a quick, favorable wind, Cat. 64, 9; cf.:

leves venti,

Ov. M. 15, 346:

flatus,

Sil. 15, 162:

currus,

light, swift, Ov. M. 2, 150:

levi deducens pollice filum,

light, nimble, id. ib. 4, 36; so,

pollex,

id. ib. 6, 22:

saltus,

id. ib. 7, 767;

3, 599: peltam pro parma fecit, ut ad motus concursusque essent leviores,

Nep. Iphicr. 1:

Messapus levis cursu,

Verg. A. 12, 489:

leves Parthi,

id. G. 4, 314:

equus,

Val. Fl. 1, 389:

Nympharumque leves cum Satyris chori,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 31:

quaere modos leviore plectro,

nimbler, gayer, id. ib. 2, 1, 40:

et levis erecta consurgit ad oscula plantā,

Juv. 6, 507.—With inf. ( poet.):

omnes ire leves,

Sil. 16, 488:

exsultare levis,

id. 10, 605:

levior discurrere,

id. 4, 549:

nullo levis terrore moveri,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 514:

hora,

fleeting, Ov. M. 15, 181:

terra,

light, thin soil, Verg. G. 2, 92:

et ubi montana (loca) quod leviora et ideo salubriora,

Varr. R. R. 1, 6, 3;

so (opp graviora),

id. ib. —

Slight, trifling, small (mostly poet.): ignis, Ov. M. 3, 488:

tactus,

a slight, gentle touch, id. ib. 4, 180:

strepitus,

id. ib. 7, 840:

stridor,

id. ib. 4, 413.

Trop.

Without weight, i. e. of no consequence; hence, in gen., light, trifling, unimportant, inconsiderable, trivial, slight, little, petty, easy (class.):

nunquam erit alienis gravis qui suis se concinnat levem,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 58:

grave est nomen imperii atque id etiam in levi persona pertimescitur,

Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 45:

leve et infirmum,

id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6: quae mihi ad spem obtinendae veritatis gravissima sunt;

ad motum animi... leviora,

id. Deiot. 2, 5:

quod alia quaedam inania et levia conquiras,

id. Planc. 26, 63:

auditio,

a light, unfounded report, Caes. B. G. 7, 42:

cui res et pecunia levissima et existimatio sanctissima fuit semper,

something very insignificant, Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:

dolor,

id. Fin. 1, 12, 40:

proelium,

Caes. B. G. 7, 36:

periculum,

id. B. C. 3, 26:

in aliquem merita,

id. ib. 2, 32, 10:

leviore de causa,

id. B. G. 7, 4 fin.:

praecordia levibus flagrantia causis,

Juv. 13, 182:

effutire leves indigna tragoedia versus,

Hor. A. P. 231.—As subst.:

in levi habitum,

was made little of, was regarded as a trifle, Tac. H. 2, 21; id. A. 3, 54:

levia sed nimium queror,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 63:

quid leviora loquor? Petr. poët. 134, 12: non est leve tot puerorum observare manus,

no easy matter, Juv. 7, 240:

quidquid levius putaris,

easier, id. 10, 344.—

With gen. ( poet.):

opum levior,

Sil. 2, 102.—

In disposition or character.

Light, light-minded, capricious, fickle, inconstant, unreliable, false:

homo levior quam pluma,

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 23:

ne me leviorem erga te putes,

id. Trin. 5, 2, 34:

tu levior cortice,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 22:

vitium levium hominum atque fallacium,

Cic. Lael. 25, 91:

quidam saepe in parva pecunia perspiciuntur quam sint leves,

id. ib. 17, 63:

leves ac nummarii judices,

id. Clu. 28, 75:

sit precor illa levis,

Tib. 1, 6, 56:

levi brachio aliquid agere,

Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6:

quid levius aut turpius,

Caes. B. G. 5, 28 fin.:

auctor,

Liv. 5, 15:

leves amicitiae,

Cic. Lael. 26, 100:

spes,

vain, empty, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 8:

leviores mores,

Ulp. Fragm. 6, 12.—

Mild, gentle, pleasant (rare):

quos qui leviore nomine appellant, percussores vocant,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 33, 93; and:

levior reprehensio,

id. Ac. 2, 32, 102:

tandem eo, quod levissimum videbatur, decursum est,

the gentlest, mildest, Liv. 5, 23 fin.:

nec leves somnos timor aut cupido Sordidus aufert,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 15; id. Epod. 2, 28:

exsilium,

mild, tolerable, Suet. Aug. 51.—Hence, adv.: lĕ-vĭter, lightly, not heavily.

Lit. (rare):

armati,

light-armed, Curt. 4, 13.—Of the blow of a weapon:

levius casura pila sperabat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 92, 2.—

Trop.

Slightly, a little, not much, somewhat:

leviter densae nubes,

Lucr. 6, 248:

inflexum bacillum,

Cic. Div. 1, 17, 30:

genae leviter eminentes (al. leniter),

id. N. D. 2, 57, 143:

qui (medici) leviter aegrotantes leniter curant, gravioribus autem morbis, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 24, 83:

saucius,

id. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

non leviter lucra liguriens,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177:

agnoscere aliquid,

id. Fin. 2, 11, 33:

eruditus,

id. de Or. 3, 6, 24.— Comp.:

quanto constantior idem In vitiis, tanto levius miser,

so much less, Hor. S. 2, 7, 18:

dolere,

Ov. P. 1, 9, 30.— Sup.:

ut levissime dicam,

to express it in the mildest manner, Cic. Cat. 3, 7 fin. —

Easily, lightly, without difficulty, with equanimity:

id eo levius ferendum est, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 2; cf.:

sed levissime feram, si, etc.,

id. Prov. Cons. 20, 47; Liv. 29, 9.— Comp.:

levius torquetis Arachne,

more dexterously, Juv. 2, 56.

lēvis (erroneously laevis), e, adj. [Gr. leios, leuros], smooth, smoothed, not rough, opp. asper (class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

corpuscula quaedam levia, alia aspera, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 66:

in locis (spectatur): leves an asperi,

id. Part. Or. 10, 36:

Deus levem eum (mundum) fecit et undique aequabilem,

id. Univ. 6:

pocula,

smooth, shining, Verg. A. 5, 91:

pharetrae,

id. ib. 5, 558:

brassica,

Cato, R. R. 15, 7:

levissima corpora,

Lucr. 4, 659:

coma pectine levis,

Ov. M. 12, 409:

nascunturque leves per digitos umerosque plumae,

Hor. C. 2, 20, 11:

levior assiduo detritis aequore conchis,

Ov. M. 13, 792: inimicus pumice levis, rubbed (cf. pumicatus), Juv. 9, 95.— Poet.: levi cum sanguine Nisus labitur infelix, slippery, [p. 1055] Verg. A. 5, 328:

levis Juventas ( = imberbis),

smooth, without hair, beardless, Hor. C. 2, 11, 6; so,

ora,

Tib. 1, 9 (8), 31:

crura,

Juv. 8, 115:

sponsus,

id. 3, 111:

caput,

id. 10, 199; 2, 12; hence, also, poet. for youthful, delicate, beautiful:

pectus,

Verg. A. 11, 40:

frons,

id. E. 6, 51:

umeri,

id. A. 7, 815:

colla,

Ov. M. 10, 698.—Also, finely dressed, spruce, effeminate:

vir,

Ov. A. A. 3, 437; Pers. 1, 82: argentum, smooth, not engraved or chased, Juv. 14, 62.—In neutr. absol.:

externi ne quid valeat per leve morari,

smoothness, Hor. S. 2, 7, 87; so,

per leve,

Pers. 1, 64:

per levia,

Aus. Idyll. 16, 4.—

Transf., rubbed smooth, ground down, softened, soft (rare), Scrib. Comp. 228; Cels. 2, 8.—

Trop., of speech, smooth, flowing (rare but class.):

oratio (opp. aspera),

Cic. Or. 5 fin.; so,

levis verborum concursus (opp. asper),

id. de Or. 3, 43, 171:

levis et aspera (vox),

Quint. 11, 3, 15:

levis et quadrata compositio,

id. 2, 5, 9:

levia ac nitida,

id. 5, 12, 18:

(aures) fragosis offenduntur et levibus mulcentur,

id. 9, 4, 116.— Adv. does not occur.

ăgĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [ago], as if the supine were agitu; cf.: quaero quaerito.

Lit., to put a thing in motion, to drive or impel (mostly poet., or in more elevated prose; from poetry it passed, after the Aug. per., into common prose).

Of cattle, to drive, conduct (cf. ago):

calcari quadrupedem agitabo advorsum clivom,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 118:

stimulo boves agitat,

Vulg. Eccli. 38, 26:

hanc in curru bijugos agitare leones,

drives her span of lions, Lucr. 2, 602:

agitantur quadrigae,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 41 Müll.:

ad flumina currus,

Verg. G. 3, 18:

jussit agitari currum suum,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 9, 4: lanigeros greges hirtasque capellas, to drive, poet. for to tend, Verg. G. 3, 287:

sacros jugales (dracones),

Ov. M. 5, 661:

quadrigas bigasque et equos desultorios,

Suet. Caes. 39.—

Of the motion of other things, to move, impel, shake:

triremem in portu,

Nep. Dion, 9, 2:

alas,

Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 21:

manibusque leves agitavit habenas,

id. M. 7, 221:

hastam,

id. ib. 3, 667: caput, to move the head ( in token of assent = annuere), id. ib. 1, 567:

arundinem vento agitatam,

Vulg. Matt. 11, 7.—Esp., of animals, to hunt, chase, pursue: etiamsi excitaturus [p. 72] non sis nec agitaturus feras, Cic. Off. 3, 17:

aquila insectans alias aves atque agitans,

id. Div. 2, 70:

trepidas columbas,

Ov. M. 5, 606; 11, 300:

damas,

id. ib. 10, 539:

cursu timidos onagros,

Verg. G. 3, 409 al. —

Of the motion caused by the wind, to drive to and fro, toss about, agitate, disturb:

ventus enim fit, ubi est agitando percitus aër,

when the air is violently agitated and driven, Lucr. 6, 686:

mare ventorum vi agitari atque turbari,

Cic. Clu. 49 fin.; id. Univ. 3, 7:

freta ponti Incipiunt agitata tumescere,

Verg. G. 1, 357:

aristas,

Ov. A. A. 1, 553:

Zephyris agitata Tempe,

Hor. C. 3, 1, 24:

ventis agitatur pinus,

id. ib. 2, 10, 9:

veteres agitantur orni,

id. ib. 1, 9, 12:

agitaret aura capillos,

id. Epod. 15, 9.—

Of the motion caused by the water: agitata numina Trojae, tossed or driven about upon the sea, Verg. A. 6, 68; Prop. 3, 21, 5.—

In gen., of the motion caused by other things:

magnes (lapis) agitat (ferri ramenta) per aes,

Lucr. 6, 1054:

agitari inter se concursu,

Cic. N. D. 1, 39: pulsu externo agitari, Macr Somn. Scip. 9.— Poet. of mist, to produce it by motion or agitation: dejectuque (Peneus) gravi tenues agitantia fumos Nubila conducit, and by its impetuous descent (into the valley) raises clouds producing mist, Ov. M. 1, 571—

Trop.

To rouse up, excite, move, urge, drive, impel one to something: aliquem, sometimes in aliquid (so in Florus very freq.):

in furias agitantur equae,

are excited to fury, Ov. A. A. 2, 487:

agitare plebem,

to stir up, rouse, Liv. 3, 11:

populum,

Flor. 2, 12, 2; so id. 11, 6, 2 al.:

agitatus cupiditate regni,

id. 3, 1:

gens sacratis legibus agitata in exitium urbis,

id. 1, 16, 7.—

To disquiet, disturb, to drive hither and thither, to vex, trouble, torment (the fig. taken from the sea agitated by storm; cf. Gernh. and Beier upon Cic. Off. 1, 24, 82):

dii deaeque te agitant irati,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 115:

atra bilis agitat hominem,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 64; so id. Curc. 1, 1, 92; 2, 1, 24:

ut eos agitent furiae, neque usquam consistere patiantur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 24 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 331:

scelerum furiis agitatus Orestes,

id. ib. 4, 471):

suum quemque scelus agitat amentiaque afficit,

id. ib. 24:

agitare et insequi poëtas,

Tac. Or. 4; 25 and 41:

multis injuriis jactata atque agita ta,

Cic. Quint. 2:

est magni viri, rebus agitatis (= perturbatis, Beier) punire sontes,

id. Off. 1, 24, 82:

agitabatur animus inopiā rei familiaris et conscientiā scelerum,

Sall. C. 5, 7:

quos conscientia defectionis agitabat,

Tac. Agr. 16:

commotus metu atque libidine diversus agitabatur,

was drawn in different directions, Sall. J 25, 6; Liv. 22, 12. ne te semper inops agitet vexetque cupido, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 98:

quos agitabat timor,

Tac. Agr. 16:

timore et metu agitati,

Vulg. Judith, 15, 1:

injuriis agitatus,

Flor. 1, 8, 7:

seditionibus,

Just. 12, 4, 12.—

To assail with reproach, derision, insult; to reprove, blame, scoff, deride, insult, mock:

agitat rem militarem, insectatur totam legationem,

attacks, ridicules, Cic. Mur. 9, 21; id. Brut. 28, 109: mea saevis agitat fastidia verbis, Hor Epod. 12, 13; without verbis:

agitant expertia frugis,

id. A. P. 341:

vesanum poëtam agitant pueri,

id. ib. 456.—

In gen., to drive or urge on a thing, to accomplish or do, to drive at, to be employed in, be engaged in, to have, hold, keep, to celebrate; v. ago, II. D. (in the historians, esp. Sallust, very freq.):

Haec ego non agitem?

should I not drive at? Juv. 1, 52:

vigilias,

to keep, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 27; so,

custodiam,

id. Rud. 3, 6, 20; so Tac. A. 11, 18:

hoc agitemus convivium vino et sermone suavi,

let us celebrate, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 7:

Dionysia,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 11; so id. Hec. 1, 2, 18:

convivia,

Ov. M. 7, 431; Suet. Claud. 32 festa gaudia, Sil. 15, 423:

meum natalem,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 16;

so festos dies,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 63:

jocos,

Ov. M. 3, 319:

agraria lex a Flavio tribuno plebis vehementer agitabatur,

was powerfully urged, supportcd, Cic. Att. 1, 19:

quae cum praecepta parentis mei agitarem,

was striving to comply with, Sall. J. 14, 2 (modestius dictum pro:

studere, ut agerem, Cort.): laeti pacem agitabamus,

were at peace, enjoyed the delights of peace, id. ib. 14, 10:

dicit se missum a consule venisse quaesitum ab eo, pacem an bellum agitaturus foret,

id. ib. 109, 2:

quoniam deditionis morā induciae agitabantur,

there was a truce, id. ib. 29, 4; id. C. 24, 2.— Poet.:

ceu primas agitant acies, certamina miscent,

as if they formed the front rank, Sil. 9, 330.—Hence of time, esp. life, to pass, spend (cf. ago, II. D 5.):

vita hominum sine cupiditate agitabatur,

Sall. C. 2, 1:

agitare aevum,

Verg. G. 4, 154; id. A. 10, 235:

festos dies,

Tac. H. 3, 78.—In Sall., Tac., Flor., et al., agitare absol., to live, dwell, abide, sojourn, be:

hi propius mare Africum agitabant,

Sall. J 18, 9; cf id. ib. 19, 5; id. Fragm. H. 3, 11; so id. J. 54, 2; 59, 1; 94, 4:

laeti Germant agitabant,

Tac. A. 1, 50:

secretus agitat,

id. ib. 11, 21:

montium editis sine cultu atque eo ferocius agitabant,

id. ib. 4, 46; Flor. 4, 12, 48.—

Of the mind: agitare aliquid or de aliquā re (in corde, in mente, animo, cum animo, secum, etc.), to drive at a thing in the mind, i. e. to turn over, revolve, to weigh, consider, meditate upon, and with the idea of action to be performed or a conclusion to be made, to deliberate upon, to devise, contrive, plot, to be occupied with, to design, intend, etc.: id ego semper mecum sic agito et comparo, Att ap. Non. 256, 20:

quom eam rem in corde agito,

Plaut. Truc 2, 5, 3:

id agitans mecum,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 10; so Sall. J. 113, 3:

habet nihil aliud quod agitet in mente,

Cic. N. D. 1, 41:

est tuum sic agitare animo, ut, etc.,

id. Fam. 6, 1:

quae omnes animo agitabant,

Tac. A. 6, 9:

provincias secretis imaginationibus agitans,

id. ib. 15, 36 in animo bellum, Liv 21, 2; Vell. 1, 16; Quint. 12, 2, 28.—With inf., as object:

ut mente agitaret bellum renovare,

Nep. Ham. 1, 4.— Poet.:

aliquid jamdudum invadere magnum Mens agitat mihi,

Verg. A 9, 187. —Sometimes also without mente, animo, and the like, agitare aliquid, in the same signif:

quodsi ille hoc unum agitare coeperit, esse, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96:

rem a me saepe deliberatam et multum agitatam requiris,

id. Ac. 1, 2: oratori omnia quaesita, disputata, tractata, agitata ( well considered or weighed) esse debent, id. de Or. 3, 14:

fugam,

Verg. A. 2, 640.—So esp. freq. in Tac.:

Britanni agitare inter se mala servitutis, Agr 15: bellum adversus patrem agitare,

id. H. 4, 86, id. A. 1, 5; 1, 12.—With de:

de bello,

Tac. H. 2, 1:

agitanti de Claudio,

id. A. 6, 46:

de tempore ac loco caedis agitabant,

id. ib. 15, 50; 1, 12; id. H. 4, 59.—With num:

agitavere, num Messalinam depellerent amore Silli,

Tac. A. 11, 29; id. H. 1, 19.— With - ne:

agitavere placeretne, etc.,

Tac. H. 3, 1.—With an:

an Artaxata pergeret, agitavit,

Tac. A. 13, 41 —With quomodo, Tac. A. 2, 12.—With ut (of purpose):

ut Neronem pudor caperet, insita spe agitari,

Tac. A. 16, 26.—

To treat or speak of or concerning a thing, to confer about, deliberate upon. Romae per omnīs locos et conventus de facto consulis agitart ( impers., for agitabatur), discussions were had, Sall. J 30, 1;

cum de foedere victor agitaret,

Liv. 9, 5; 30, 3.—

Sat agitare, with gen., in Plaut., = sat agere, to have enough to do, to have trouble with: nunc agitas sat tute tuarum rerum, Bacch. 4, 3, 23.

afflātus ( adf-), a, um, Part., of afflo.

afflātus ( adf-), ūs, m. [afflo].

A blowing or breathing on, a breeze, blast, breath, etc., as of the wind, men, or animals:

afflatusex terrā mentem ita movens ut, etc.,

Cic. Div. 2, 57, 117:

adflatu nocent,

by the effluvia, Ov. M. 7, 551:

ambusti adflatu vaporis,

Liv. 28, 23:

ignes caelestes adussisse levi adflatu vestimenta,

id. 39, 22:

Favonii,

Plin. 6, 17, 21, § 57:

noxius,

id. 4, 12, 26 al. —Of animals:

frondes adflatibus (apri) ardent,

by his breath, Ov. M. 8, 289:

serpentis,

Stat. Th. 5, 527:

polypus adflatu terribili canes agebat,

Plin. 9, 30, 48, § 92.—And of the aspiration in speech: Boeotii sine adflatu vocant collīs Tebas, i. e. without the h, Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 6.—

Esp., a flash or glow of light (cf. afflo, I.):

juncturae leni adflatu simulacra refovent,

Plin. 36, 15, 22, § 98.—

Fig., afflation of the divine spirit, inspiration:

nemo vir magnus sine aliquo adflatu divino umquam fuit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 66:

sine inflammatione animorum et sine quodam adflatu quasi furoris,

id. de Or. 2, 46.

afflātus ( adf-), a, um, Part., of afflo.

afflātus ( adf-), ūs, m. [afflo].

A blowing or breathing on, a breeze, blast, breath, etc., as of the wind, men, or animals:

afflatusex terrā mentem ita movens ut, etc.,

Cic. Div. 2, 57, 117:

adflatu nocent,

by the effluvia, Ov. M. 7, 551:

ambusti adflatu vaporis,

Liv. 28, 23:

ignes caelestes adussisse levi adflatu vestimenta,

id. 39, 22:

Favonii,

Plin. 6, 17, 21, § 57:

noxius,

id. 4, 12, 26 al. —Of animals:

frondes adflatibus (apri) ardent,

by his breath, Ov. M. 8, 289:

serpentis,

Stat. Th. 5, 527:

polypus adflatu terribili canes agebat,

Plin. 9, 30, 48, § 92.—And of the aspiration in speech: Boeotii sine adflatu vocant collīs Tebas, i. e. without the h, Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 6.—

Esp., a flash or glow of light (cf. afflo, I.):

juncturae leni adflatu simulacra refovent,

Plin. 36, 15, 22, § 98.—

Fig., afflation of the divine spirit, inspiration:

nemo vir magnus sine aliquo adflatu divino umquam fuit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 66:

sine inflammatione animorum et sine quodam adflatu quasi furoris,

id. de Or. 2, 46.

albus, a, um, adj. [cf. Umbr. alfu and Sab. alpus = white; alphos = white rash; O. H. Germ. Elbiz = a swan; to this have been referred also Alba Longa, Albunea, Alpes from their snowy summits (Paul. ex Fest. p. 4 Müll.), Albion from its chalky cliffs, Alpheios, and Albis = Elbe], white (properly dead white, not shining; e. g. hair, complexion, garments, etc., opp. ater, black that is without lustre; while candidus denotes a glistening, dazzling white, opp. niger, shining black.—Hence, trop., albus and ater, a symbol of good or ill fortune; on the other hand, candidus and niger of moral worth or unworthiness; cf. Doed. Syn. III. 193 sq.—So Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 82: aliud est candidum, i. e. quādam nitenti luce perfusum esse; aliud album, quod pallori constat esse vicinum; cf. Verg. E. 7, 38: Candidior cycnis, hederā formosior albā, with id. ib. 3, 39: diffusos hederā vestit pallente corymbos; but this distinction is freq. disregarded by the poets).

Lit.

In gen.:

barba,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 15:

corpus,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 115:

color albus praecipue decorus deo est, maxime in textili,

Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45: albus calculus, the small white stone used in voting, as a sign of acceding to the opinion of any one, or of the acquittal of one who is under accusation (opp. ater calculus;

v. calculus).— Hence, trop.: alicui rei album calculum adicere,

to allow, approve of, authorize, Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 5.—In Enn. an epithet of the sun and moon: sol, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 92 Vahl.): jubar Hyperionis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 658 P. (Ann. v. 547 ib.).—The following are examples of the opposition of albus and niger (instead of ater) as exceptions to the gen. rule; so always in Lucr. (who also uses albus and candidus or candens promiscuously), 2, 810; 822 sqq.; 731 sq.; 790; 767-771. Once in Cic.: quae alba sint, quae nigra dicere, Div. 2, 3; so Phaedr. 3, 15, 10; Ov. M. 2, 541; cf. with id. ib. 2, 534 and 535; also id. ib. 12, 403; 15, 46; id. H. 15, 37 al.:

albi et nigri velleris,

Vulg. Gen. 30, 35:

non potes unum capillum album facere aut nigrum,

ib. Matt. 5, 36.—

Esp.

Pale, from sickness, terror, care, and the like:

aquosus albo Corpore languor, of dropsical persons,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 15:

pallor,

id. Epod. 7, 15:

vivat et urbanis albus in officiis,

pale from the cares of his public office, Mart. 1, 56 fin. et saep. —

Of clothing, white: alba decent Cererem;

vestes Cerealibus albas Sumite,

Ov. F. 4, 619:

vidit duos Angelos in albis,

Vulg. Joan. 20, 12; ib. Apoc. 3, 4.—Hence, poet. transf. to the person, clothed in white, Hor. S. 1, 2, 36: pedibus qui venerat albis, who had come with white feet, i. e. marked with chalk, as for sale, Juv. 1, 111 (cf. gypsatus and also Plin. 35, 17, 58, §§ 199-201; Mayor ad 1. 1.).—

Prov. phrases.

Dentibus albis deridere, to deride one by laughing so as to show the teeth, for to deride much, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 48 (cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 26).—

Albus an ater sit, nescio or non curo, I know not, care not whether he is white or black, i. e. he is entirely indifferent to me:

vide, quam te amārit is, qui albus aterve fueris ignorans, fratris filium praeteriit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 16:

unde illa scivit, ater an albus nascerer,

Phaedr. 3, 15, 10; Cat. 93, 2; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 38.—

Albo rete aliquid oppugnare, to attack or seize upon something with a white net, i. e. in a delicate, skilful manner:

qui hic albo rete aliena oppugnant bona,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 22 (so the passage seems to be more simply explained than acc. to the opinion of Gron.: qui albo (by the register of the prætor) tamquam rete, which omission of the tamquam is a Horatian, but not a Plautinian idiom). —

Albā lineā aliquid signare, to make a white line upon a white ground, i. e. to make no distinction: et amabat omnes, nam ut discrimen non facit... signat linea alba, Lucil. ap. Non. 282, 28 (where the common editions have neque before signare, which gives the expression a directly opposite sense): albā, ut dicitur, lineā sine curā discriminis convertebant, Gell. praef. 11.—

Alba avis, a white sparrow, for something rare, uncommon, strange:

quasi avem albam videntur bene sentientem civem videre,

Cic. Fam. 7, 28 (quasi novum quiddam; proverbium ex eo natum, quia rarae aves albae, Manut. ad h. 1.).—

Filius albae gallinae, fortune's favorite child, Juv. 13, 141, prob. an allusion to the miracle that happened to Livia in regard to a white hen, v. Plin. 15, 30, 40; Suet. Galb. 1 (Ruperti ad h. 1, refers this expression to the unfruitfulness of a white hen, and conpares Col. R. R. 8, 2, 7).—

Equis albis praecurrere aliquem, to excel, surpass one, Hor. S. 1, 7, 8 (the figure being drawn from the white horses attached to a triumphal chariot; cf. Suet. Ner. 25; id. Dom. 2).—

Trop.

Favorable, fortunate, propitious:

simul alba nautis Stella refulsit,

i. e. the twin-star Castor, favorable to sailors, Hor. C. 1, 12, 27:

dies,

Sil. 15, 53:

sint omnia protinus alba,

Pers. 1, 110.—

Poet. and act., of the wind, making clear or bright, dispersing the clouds; hence, dry:

Notus,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 15 (as a transl. of the Gr. leukonotos):

iapyx,

id. ib. 3, 27, 19 (cf.:

clarus aquilo,

Verg. G. 1, 460).—Whence,

album, i, n., whiteness.

White color, white:

maculis insignis et albo,

Verg. G. 3, 56;

sparsis pellibus albo,

id. E. 2, 41:

columnas polire albo,

to make white, whiten, Liv. 40, 51.—Hence,

Esp.,

The white of the eye:

oculorum,

Cels. 2, 6; so id. 7, 7, n. 6 and 12.—

The white of an egg:

ovi,

Cels. 6, 6, n. 7.—

In Col. 6, 17, 7, a white spot on the eye, i. e. a disease of it, = albugo.—

In the lang. of polit. life, a white tablet, on which any thing is inscribed (like leukôma in Gr.).

The tablets on which the Pontifex Maximus registered the principal events of the year, the Annales maximi (v. annales): in album referre, to enter or record in, Cic. de Or. 2, 12, 52; Liv. 1, 32, 2.—

The tablets of the prœtor, on which his edicts were written, and which were posted up in some public place, Paul. Sent. l. 1, t. 14.—Hence, sedere ad album, to be employed with the edicts of the prœtor, Sen. Ep. 48:

se ad album transferre,

Quint. 12, 3, 11 Spald.—

Esp., a list of names, a register, e. g. Album senatorium, the tablet on which the names of the senators were enrolled, the roll, register, which, by the order of Augustus, was to be posted up annually in the senate-house, Diom. 55, 3, and Fragm. 137:

aliquem albo senatorio eradere,

Tac. A. 4, 42 fin. —Also, the list of the judges chosen by the quœstors:

aliquem albo judicum eradere,

Suet. Claud. 16; so id. Dom. 8.—And transf. to other catalogues of names:

citharoedorum,

Suet. Ner. 21.

argŭo, ŭi, ūtum (ŭĭtum, hence arguiturus, Sall. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 882 P.), 3, v. a. [cf. argês, white; argos, bright; Sanscr. árgunas, bright; ragatas, white; and rag, to shine (v. argentum and argilla); after the same analogy we have clarus, bright; and claro, to make bright, to make evident; and the Engl. clear, adj., and to clear = to make clear; v. Curt. p. 171].

A.. In gen., to make clear, to show, prove, make known, declare, assert, mênuein:

arguo Eam me vidisse intus,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66:

non ex auditu arguo,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 65:

M. Valerius Laevinus... speculatores, non legatos, venisse arguebat,

Liv. 30, 23:

degeneres animos timor arguit,

Verg. A. 4, 13:

amantem et languor et silentium Arguit,

Hor. Epod. 11, 9; id. C. 1, 13, 7.— Pass., in a mid. signif.:

apparet virtus arguiturque malis,

makes itself known, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 80:

laudibus arguitur vini vinosus Homerus,

betrays himself, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 6.—

Esp.

With aliquem, to attempt to show something, in one's case, against him, to accuse, reprove, censure, charge with: Indicāsse est detulisse;

arguisse accusāsse et convicisse,

Dig. 50, 16, 197 (cf. Fest. p. 22: Argutum iri in discrimen vocari): tu delinquis, ego arguar pro malefactis? Enn. (as transl. of Eurip. Iphig. Aul. 384: Eit egô dikên dô sôn kakôn ho mê sphaleis) ap. Rufin. §

37: servos ipsos neque accuso neque arguo neque purgo,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 41, 120:

Pergin, sceleste, intendere hanc arguere?

Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 27; 2, 2, 32:

hae tabellae te arguunt,

id. Bacch. 4, 6, 10:

an hunc porro tactum sapor arguet oris?

Lucr. 4, 487:

quod adjeci, non ut arguerem, sed ne arguerer,

Vell. 2, 53, 4:

coram aliquem arguere,

Liv. 43, 5:

apud praefectum,

Tac. A. 14, 41:

(Deus) arguit te heri,

Vulg. Gen. 31, 42; ib. Lev. 19, 17; ib. 2 Tim. 4, 2; ib. Apoc. 3, 19 al.—

With the cause of complaint in the gen.; abl. with or without de; with in with abl.; with acc.; with a clause as object; or with ut (cf. Ramsh. p. 326; Zumpt, § 446).

With gen.:

malorum facinorum,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 56 (cf. infra, argutus, B. 2.):

aliquem probri, Stupri, dedecoris,

id. Am. 3, 2, 2:

viros mortuos summi sceleris,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:

aliquem tanti facinoris,

id. Cael. 1:

criminis,

Tac. H. 1, 48:

furti me arguent,

Vulg. Gen. 30, 33; ib. Eccl. 11, 8:

repetundarum,

Tac. A. 3, 33:

occupandae rei publicae,

id. ib. 6, 10:

neglegentiae,

Suet. Caes. 53:

noxae,

id. Aug. 67:

veneni in se comparati,

id. Tib. 49:

socordiae,

id. Claud. 3:

mendacii,

id. Oth. 10:

timoris,

Verg. A. 11, 384:

sceleris arguemur,

Vulg. 4 Reg. 7, 9; ib. Act. 19, 40 al.—

With abl.:

te hoc crimine non arguo,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 18; Nep. Paus. 3 fin. —

With de:

de eo crimine, quo de arguatur,

Cic. Inv 2, 11, 37:

de quibus quoniam verbo arguit, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 29 fin.:

Quis arguet me de peccato?

Vulg. Joan. 8, 46; 16, 8.—

With in with abl. (eccl. Lat.):

non in sacrificiis tuis arguam te,

Vulg. Psa. 49, 8.—

With acc.: quid undas Arguit et liquidam molem camposque natantīs? of what does he impeach the waves? etc., quid being here equivalent to cujus or de quo, Lucr. 6, 405 Munro.—

With an inf.-clause as object:

quae (mulier) me arguit Hanc domo ab se subripuisse,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 62; id. Mil. 2, 4, 36:

occidisse patrem Sex. Roscius arguitur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 13, 37:

auctor illius injuriae fuisse arguebatur?

id. Verr. 2, 1, 33:

qui sibimet vim ferro intulisse arguebatur,

Suet. Claud. 16; id. Ner. 33; id. Galb. 7:

me Arguit incepto rerum accessisse labori,

Ov. M. 13, 297; 15, 504.—

With ut, as in Gr. hôs (post-Aug. and rare), Suet. Ner. 7:

hunc ut dominum et tyrannum, illum ut proditorem arguentes,

as being master and tyrant, Just. 22, 3.—

Transf. to the thing.

To accuse, censure, blame:

ea culpa, quam arguo,

Liv. 1, 28:

peccata coram omnibus argue,

Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 20:

tribuni plebis dum arguunt in C. Caesare regni voluntatem,

Vell. 2, 68; Suet. Tit. 5 fin.:

taciturnitatem pudoremque quorumdam pro tristitiā et malignitate arguens,

id. Ner. 23; id. Caes. 75:

arguebat et perperam editos census,

he accused of giving a false statement of property, census, id. Calig. 38:

primusque animalia mensis Arguit imponi,

censured, taught that it was wrong, Ov. M. 15, 73:

ut non arguantur opera ejus,

Vulg. Joan. 3, 20.—

Trop., to denounce as false:

quod et ipsum Fenestella arguit,

Suet. Vit. Ter. p. 292 Roth.—With reference to the person, to refute, confute:

aliquem,

Suet. Calig. 8.—Hence, argūtus, a, um, P. a.

Of physical objects, clear.

To the sight, bright, glancing, lively:

manus autem minus arguta, digitis subsequens verba, non exprimens,

not too much in motion, Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 220 (cf. id. Or. 18, 59: nullae argutiae digitorum, and Quint. 11, 3, [p. 160] 119-123):

manus inter agendum argutae admodum et gestuosae,

Gell. 1, 5, 2:

et oculi nimis arguti, quem ad modum animo affecti sumus, loquuntur,

Cic. Leg. 1, 9, 27:

ocelli,

Ov. Am. 3, 3, 9; 3, 2, 83:

argutum caput,

a head graceful in motion, Verg. G. 3, 80 (breve, Servius, but this idea is too prosaic): aures breves et argutae, ears that move quickly (not stiff, rigid), Pall. 4, 13, 2:

argutā in soleā,

in the neat sandal, Cat. 68, 72.—

a.. To the hearing, clear, penetrating, piercing, both of pleasant and disagreeable sounds, clear-sounding, sharp, noisy, rustling, whizzing, rattling, clashing, etc. (mostly poet.): linguae, Naev. ap. Non. p. 9, 24:

aves,

Prop. 1, 18, 30:

hirundo,

chirping, Verg. G. 1, 377:

olores,

tuneful, id. E. 9, 36: ilex, murmuring, rustling (as moved by the wind), id. ib. 7, 1:

nemus,

id. ib. 8, 22 al.—Hence, a poet. epithet of the musician and poet, clear-sounding, melodious:

Neaera,

Hor. C. 3, 14, 21:

poëtae,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 90:

fama est arguti Nemesis formosa Tibullus,

Mart. 8, 73, 7: forum, full of bustle or din, noisy, Ov. A.A. 1, 80:

serra,

grating, Verg. G. 1, 143:

pecten,

rattling, id. ib. 1, 294; id. A. 7, 14 (cf. in Gr. kerkis aoidos, Aristoph. Ranae, v. 1316) al.—Hence, of rattling, prating, verbose discourse:

sine virtute argutum civem mihi habeam pro preaeficā, etc.,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 14:

[Neque mendaciloquom neque adeo argutum magis],

id. Trin. 1, 2, 163 Ritschl.—

Trop., of written communications, rattling, wordy, verbose:

obviam mihi litteras quam argutissimas de omnibus rebus crebro mittas,

Cic. Att. 6, 5: vereor, ne tibi nimium arguta haec sedulitas videatur, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1. — Transf. to omens, clear, distinct, conclusive, clearly indicative, etc.:

sunt qui vel argutissima haec exta esse dicant,

Cic. Div. 2, 12 fin.:

non tibi candidus argutum sternuit omen Amor?

Prop. 2, 3, 24.—

To the smell; sharp, pungent:

odor argutior,

Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 18.—

To the taste; sharp, keen, pungent:

sapor,

Pall. 3, 25, 4; 4, 10, 26.—

Of mental qualities.

In a good sense, bright, acute, sagacious, witty:

quis illo (sc. Catone) acerbior in vituperando? in sententiis argutior?

Cic. Brut. 17, 65:

orator,

id. ib. 70, 247:

poëma facit ita festivum, ita concinnum, ita elegans, nihil ut fieri possit argutius,

id. Pis. 29; so,

dicta argutissima,

id. de Or. 2, 61, 250:

sententiae,

id. Opt. Gen. 2:

acumen,

Hor. A. P. 364:

arguto ficta dolore queri,

dexterously-feigned pain, Prop. 1, 18, 26 al. —

In a bad sense, sly, artful, cunning:

meretrix,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 40: calo. id. Ep. 1, 14, 42:

milites,

Veg. Mil. 3, 6.—As a pun: ecquid argutus est? is he cunning? Ch. Malorum facinorum saepissime (i.e. has been accused of), Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 56 (v. supra, I. B. a.).—Hence, adv.: argūtē (only in the signif. of B.).

Subtly, acutely:

respondere,

Cic. Cael. 8:

conicere,

id. Brut. 14, 53:

dicere,

id. Or. 28, 98.— Comp.:

dicere,

Cic. Brut. 11, 42.— Sup.:

de re argutissime disputare,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 18.—

Craftily:

obrepere,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 132; Arn. 5, p. 181.

cădo, cĕcĭdi, cāsum, 3 ( part. pres. gen. plur. cadentūm, Verg. A. 10, 674; 12, 410), v. n. [cf. Sanscr. çad-, to fall away].

Lit.

In an extended sense, to be driven or carried by one ' s weight from a higher to a lower point, to fall down, be precipitated, sink down, go down, sink, fall (so mostly poet.; in prose, in place of it, the compounds decĭdo, occĭdo, excĭdo, etc.; cf. also ruo, labor;

opp. surgo, sto): tum arbores in te cadent,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 25: (aves) praecipites cadunt in terram aut in aquam, fall headlong to the earth or into the water, Lucr. 6, 745; cf. id. 6, 828;

imitated by Verg.: (apes) praecipites cadunt,

Verg. G. 4, 80:

nimbus, Ut picis e caelo demissum flumen, in undas Sic cadit, etc.,

Lucr. 6, 258:

cadit in terras vis flammea,

id. 2, 215; so with in, id. 2, 209; 4, 1282; 6, 1006; 6, 1125; Prop. 4 (5), 4, 64:

in patrios pedes,

Ov. F. 2, 832.—With a different meaning:

omnes plerumque cadunt in vulnus,

in the direction of, towards their wound, Lucr. 4, 1049; cf.:

prolapsa in vulnus moribunda cecidit,

Liv. 1, 58, 11:

cadit in vultus,

Ov. M. 5, 292:

in pectus,

id. ib. 4, 579.—Less freq. with ad:

ad terras,

Plin. 2, 97, 99, § 216:

ad terram,

Quint. 5, 10, 84.—The place from which is designated by ab, ex, de:

a summo cadere,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 15:

a mento cadit manus,

Ov. F. 3, 20:

aves ab alto,

Plin. 10, 38, 54, § 112:

ut cadat (avis) e regione loci,

Lucr. 6, 824:

ex arbore,

Plin. 17, 20, 34, § 148; Dig. 50, 16, 30, § 4; 18, 1, 80, § 2:

cecidisse de equo dicitur,

Cic. Clu. 62, 175:

cadere de equo,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 125 (for which Cæsar, Nepos, and Pliny employ decidere):

de manibus arma cecidissent,

Cic. Phil. 14, 7, 21; cf.:

de manibus civium delapsa arma ipsa ceciderunt,

id. Off. 1, 22, 77:

cadunt altis de montibus umbrae,

Verg. E. 1, 84:

de caelo,

Lucr. 5, 791; Ov. M. 2, 322:

de matre (i. e. nasci),

Claud. in Rufin. 1, 92.—With per:

per inane profundum,

Lucr. 2, 222:

per aquas,

id. 2, 230:

per salebras altaque saxa,

Mart. 11, 91; cf.:

imbre per indignas usque cadente genas,

Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 18.—With the adverb altius: altius atque cadant summotis nubibus imbres, and poured forth from a greater height, etc., Verg. E. 6, 38.—And absol.:

folia nunc cadunt,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 24; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 12; Lucr. 6, 297:

ut pluere in multis regionibus et cadere imbres,

id. 6, 415:

cadens nix,

id. 3, 21; 3, 402:

velut si prolapsus cecidisset,

Liv. 1, 56, 12: quaeque ita concus [p. 259] sa est, ut jam casura putetur, Ov. P. 2, 3, 59:

cadentem Sustinuisse,

id. M. 8, 148:

saepius, of epileptics,

Plin. Val. 12, 58:

casuri, si leviter excutiantur, flosculi,

Quint. 12, 10, 73.—

Esp.

Of heavenly bodies, to decline, set (opp. orior), Ov. F. 1, 295:

oceani finem juxta solemque cadentem,

Verg. A. 4, 480; 8, 59; Tac. G. 45:

soli subjecta cadenti arva,

Avien. Descr. Orb. 273; cf. Tac. Agr. 12:

quā (nocte) tristis Orion cadit,

Hor. Epod. 10, 10:

Arcturus cadens,

id. C. 3, 1, 27.—

To separate from something by falling, to fall off or away, fall out, to drop off, be shed, etc.:

nam tum dentes mihi cadebant primulum,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 57:

dentes cadere imperat aetas,

Lucr. 5, 671; Sen. Ep. 12, 3; 83, 3:

pueri qui primus ceciderit dens,

Plin. 28, 4, 9, § 41:

barba,

Verg. E. 1, 29:

quam multa in silvis autumni frigore primo Lapsa cadunt folia,

id. A. 6, 310; cf. Cat. 11, 22; Hor. A. P. 61:

lanigeris gregibus Sponte suā lanae cadunt,

Ov. M. 7, 541:

saetae,

id. ib. 14, 303:

quadrupedibus pilum cadere,

Plin. 11, 39, 94, § 231:

poma,

Ov. M. 7, 586:

cecidere manu quas legerat, herbae,

id. ib. 14, 350:

elapsae manibus cecidere tabellae,

id. ib. 9, 571:

et colus et fusus digitis cecidere remissis,

id. ib. 4, 229.—

Of a stream, to fall, empty itself:

amnis Aretho cadit in sinum maris,

Liv. 38, 4, 3; 38, 13, 6; 44, 31, 4:

flumina in pontum cadent,

Sen. Med. 406:

flumina in Hebrum cadentia,

Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 50:

tandem in alterum amnem cadit,

Curt. 6, 4, 6.—

Of dice, to be thrown or cast; to turn up:

illud, quod cecidit forte,

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 23 sq.; Liv. 2, 12, 16.—

Alicui (alicujus) ad pedes, to fall at one ' s feet in supplication, etc. (post-class. for abicio, proicio), Sen. Contr. 1, 1, 19; Eutr. 4, 7; Aug. Serm. 143, 4; Vulg. Joan. 11, 32 al.—

Super collum allcujus, to embrace (late Lat.), Vulg. Luc. 15, 20.—

In a more restricted sense.

To fall, to fall down, drop, fall to, be precipitated, etc.; to sink down, to sink, settle (the usual class. signif. in prose and poetry):

cadere in plano,

Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 17 sq.:

deorsum,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 89:

uspiam,

Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 12:

Brutus, velut si prolapsus cecidisset,

Liv. 1, 56, 12; cf. id. 5, 21, 16; 1, 58, 12:

dum timent, ne aliquando cadant, semper jacent,

Quint. 8, 5, 32:

sinistrā manu sinum ad ima crura deduxit (Caesar), quo honestius caderet,

Suet. Caes. 82:

cadere supinus,

id. Aug. 43 fin.:

in pectus pronus,

Ov. M. 4, 579:

cadunt toti montes,

Lucr. 6, 546:

radicitus exturbata (pinus) prona cadit,

Cat. 64, 109:

concussae cadunt urbes,

Lucr. 5, 1236:

casura moenia Troum,

Ov. M. 13, 375; id. H. 13, 71:

multaque praeterea ceciderunt moenia magnis motibus in terris,

Lucr. 6, 588: languescunt omnia membra;

bracchia palpebraeque cadunt,

their arms and eyelids fall, id. 4, 953; 3, 596; so,

ceciderunt artus,

id. 3, 453:

sed tibi tamen oculi, voltus, verba cecidissent,

Cic. Dom. 52, 133; cf.:

oculos vigiliā fatigatos cadentesque in opere detineo,

Sen. Ep. 8, 1:

patriae cecidere manus,

Verg. A. 6, 33:

cur facunda parum decoro Inter verba cadit lingua silentio?

Hor. C. 4, 1, 36:

cecidere illis animique manusque,

Ov. M. 7, 347; Val. Fl. 1, 300; cf. II. F. infra.—

In a pregn. signif. (as in most langg., to fall in battle, to die), to fall so as to be unable to rise, to fall dead, to fall, die (opp. vivere), Prop. 2 (3), 28, 42 (usu. of those who die in battle;

hence most freq. in the histt.): hostes crebri cadunt,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 79 sq.:

aut in acie cadendum fuit aut in aliquas insidias incidendum,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 3; Curt. 4, 1, 28; Ov. M. 7, 142:

ut cum dignitate potius cadamus quam cum ignominiā serviamus,

Cic. Phil. 3, 14, 35:

pauci de nostris cadunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 15; id. B. C. 3, 53:

optimus quisque cadere aut sauciari,

Sall. J. 92, 8; so id. C. 60, 6; id. J. 54, 10; Nep. Paus. 1, 2; id. Thras. 2, 7; id. Dat. 1, 2; 6, 1; 8, 3; Liv. 10, 35, 15 and 19; 21, 7, 10; 23, 21, 7; 29, 14, 8; Tac. G. 33; Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 27; Ov. M. 7, 142:

per acies,

Tac. A. 1, 2:

pro patriā,

Quint. 2, 15, 29:

ante diem,

Verg. A. 4, 620:

bipenni,

Ov. M. 12, 611:

ense,

Val. Fl. 1, 812.—Not in battle:

inque pio cadit officio,

Ov. M. 6, 250.—With abl. of means or instrument:

suoque Marte (i. e. suā manu) cadunt,

Ov. M. 3, 123; cf. Tac. A. 3, 42 fin.:

suā manu cecidit,

fell by his own hand, id. ib. 15, 71:

exitu voluntario,

id. H. 1, 40:

muliebri fraude cadere,

id. A. 2, 71: cecidere justā Morte Centauri, cecidit tremendae Flamma Chimaerae, Hor. C. 4, 2, 14 sq.:

manu femineā,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 1179:

femineo Marte,

Ov. M. 12, 610.—With abl. of agent with ab:

torqueor, infesto ne vir ab hoste cadat,

should be slain by, Ov. H. 9, 36; so id. M. 5, 192; Suet. Oth. 5:

a centurione volneribus adversis tamquam in pugnā,

Tac. A. 16, 9.—And without ab:

barbarae postquam cecidere turmae Thessalo victore,

Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; imitated by Claudian, IV. Cons. Hon. 89; Grat. Cyn. 315.—

Of victims, to be slain or offered, to be sacrificed, to fall ( poet.):

multa tibi ante aras nostrā cadet hostia dextrā,

Verg. A. 1, 334:

si tener pleno cadit haedus anno,

Hor. C. 3, 18, 5; Tib. 1, 1, 23; 4, 1, 15; Ov. M. 7, 162; 13, 615; id. F. 4, 653.—

In mal. part., = succumbo, to yield to, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 104; Tib. 4, 10, 2; Sen. Contr. 1, 3, 7.—

Matre cadens, just born ( poet.), Val. Fl. 1, 355; cf. of the custom of laying the new-born child at the father's feet: tellure cadens. Stat. S. 1, 2, 209; 5, 5, 69.

Trop.

To come or fall under, to fall, to be subject or exposed to something (more rare than its compound incidere, but class.); constr. usually with sub or in, sometimes with ad:

sub sensus cadere nostros,

i. e. to be perceived by the senses, Lucr. 1, 448:

sub sensum,

Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 48: in cernendi sensum. id. Tim. 3:

sub oculos,

id. Or. 3, 9:

in conspectum,

to become visible, id. Tusc. 1, 22, 50:

sub aurium mensuram,

id. Or. 20, 67:

sponte suā (genus humanum) cecidit sub leges artaque jura,

subjected itself to law and the force of right, Lucr. 5, 1146; so id. 3, 848:

ad servitia,

Liv. 1, 40, 3:

utrorum ad regna,

Lucr. 3, 836; so,

sub imperium dicionemque Romanorum,

Cic. Font. 5, 12 (1, 2):

in potestatem unius,

id. Att. 8, 3, 2:

in cogitationem,

to suggest itself to the thoughts, id. N. D. 1, 9, 21:

in hominum disceptationem,

id. de Or. 2, 2, 5:

in deliberationem,

id. Off. 1, 3, 9:

in offensionem alicujus,

id. N. D. 1, 30, 85:

in morbum,

id. Tusc. 1, 32, 79:

in suspitionem alicujus,

Nep. Paus. 2, 6:

in calumniam,

Quint. 9, 4, 57:

abrupte cadere in narrationem,

id. 4, 1, 79:

in peccatum,

Aug. in Psa. 65, 13.—

In gen.: in or sub aliquem or aliquid, to belong to any object, to be in accordance with, agree with, refer to, be suitable to, to fit, suit, become (so esp. freq. in philos. and rhet. lang.):

non cadit in hos mores, non in hunc pudorem, non in hanc vitam, non in hunc hominem ista suspitio,

Cic. Sull. 27, 75:

cadit ergo in bonum virum mentiri, emolumenti sui causā?

id. Off. 3, 20, 81; so id. Cael. 29, 69; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

haec Academica... in personas non cadebant,

id. Att. 13, 19, 5:

qui pedes in orationem non cadere quī possunt?

id. Or. 56, 188:

neque in unam formam cadunt omnia,

id. ib. 11, 37; 57, 191; 27, 95; id. de Or. 3, 47, 182; Quint. 3, 7, 6; 4, 2, 37; 4, 2, 93; 6, prooem. § 5; 7, 2, 30 and 31; Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 82:

heu, cadit in quemquam tantum scelus?

Verg. E. 9, 17; Cic. Or. 27, 95; 11, 37; Quint. 3, 5, 16; 3, 6, 91; 5, 10, 30; 6, 3, 52; 7, 2, 31; 9, 1, 7;

9, 3, 92: hoc quoque in rerum naturam cadit, ut, etc.,

id. 2, 17, 32:

in iis rebus, quae sub eandem rationem cadunt,

Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 47; Quint. 8, 3, 56.—

To fall upon a definite time (rare):

considera, ne in alienissimum tempus cadat adventus tuus,

Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 4:

in id saeculum Romuli cecidit aetas, cum, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 10, 18.—Hence, in mercantile lang., of payments, to fall due: in eam diem cadere ( were due) nummos, qui a Quinto debentur, Cic. Att. 15, 20, 4.—

(Acc. to I. 1. e.) Alicui, to fall to one (as by lot), fall to one ' s lot, happen to one, befall; and absol. (for accidere), to happen, come to pass, occur, result, turn out, fall out (esp. in an unexpected manner; cf. accido; very freq. in prose and poetry).

Alicui:

nihil ipsis jure incommodi cadere possit,

Cic. Quint. 16, 51:

hoc cecidit mihi peropportune, quod, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 4, 15; id. Att. 3, 1:

insperanti mihi, cecidit, ut, etc.,

id. de Or. 1, 21, 96; id. Att. 8, 3, 6; id. Mil. 30, 81:

mihi omnia semper honesta et jucunda ceciderunt,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1:

sunt, quibus ad portas cecidit custodia sorti,

Verg. G. 4, 165:

haec aliis maledicta cadant,

Tib. 1, 6, 85:

neu tibi pro vano verba benigna cadunt,

Prop. 1, 10, 24:

ut illis... voluptas cadat dura inter saepe pericla,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 40: verba cadentia, uttered at random, id. Ep. 1, 18, 12.—

Ab sol., Afran. ap. Charis. p. 195 P.;

Cic. Leg.2, 13, 33: verebar quorsum id casurum esset,

how it would turn out, id. Att. 3, 24:

aliorsum vota ceciderunt,

Flor. 2, 4, 5:

cum aliter res cecidisset ac putasses,

had turned out differently from what was expected, Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 1:

sane ita cadebat ut vellem,

id. Att. 3, 7, 1; id. Div. 2, 52, 107; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 3; Cic. Verr. 1, 2, 5; Caes. B. C. 3, 73, Nep. Milt. 2, 5 Dähne:

cum, quae tum maxime acciderant, casura praemonens, a furioso incepto eos deterreret,

Liv. 36, 34, 3; 22, 40, 3; 35, 13, 9; 38, 46, 6; Plin. Pan. 31, 1; Tac. A. 2, 80; 6, 8; Suet. Tib. 14 al.; Verg. A. 2, 709:

ut omnia fortiter fiant, feliciter cadant,

Sen. Suas. 2, p. 14:

multa. fortuito in melius casura,

Tac. A. 2, 77.—With adj.:

si non omnia caderent secunda,

Caes. B. C. 3, 73:

vota cadunt, i.e. rata sunt,

are fulfilled, realized, Tib. 2, 2, 17 (diff. from Prop. 1, 17, 4; v. under F.).—

With in and acc.: nimia illa libertas et populis et privatis in nimiam servitutem cadit (cf. metaballei), Cic. Rep. 1, 44, 68.—Esp.: in (ad) irritum or cassum, to be frustrated, fail, be or remain fruitless:

omnia in cassum cadunt,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 147; Lucr. 2, 1166:

ad irritum cadens spes,

Liv. 2, 6, 1; so Tac. H. 3, 26:

in irritum,

id. A. 15, 39; cf. with irritus, adj.:

ut irrita promissa ejus caderent,

Liv. 2, 31, 5:

haud irritae cecidere minae,

id. 6, 35, 10.—

To fall, to become less (in strength, power, worth, etc.), to decrease, diminish, lessen:

cadunt vires,

Lucr. 5, 410:

mercenarii milites pretia militiae casura in pace aegre ferebant,

Liv. 34, 36, 7.—More freq. in an extended signif. (acc. to I. B. 2.),

To lose all one ' s strength, worth, value, etc., to fall, to perish, vanish, decay, cease.

In gen.: pellis item cecidit, vestis contempta ferina. declined in value, Lucr. 5, 1417:

turpius est enim privatim cadere (i. e. fortunis everti) quam publice,

Cic. Att. 16, 15, 6; so id. Fam. 6, 10, 2:

atque ea quidem tua laus pariter cum re publicā cecidit,

id. Off. 2, 13, 45:

tanta civitas, si cadet,

id. Har. Resp. 20, 42:

huc cecidisse Germanici exercitus gloriam, ut, etc.,

Tac. H. 3, 13:

non tibi ingredienti fines ira cecidit?

Liv. 2, 40, 7; Pers. 5, 91:

amicitia nec debilitari animos aut cadere patitur,

Cic. Lael. 7, 23:

animus,

to fail, Liv. 1, 11, 3; Ov. M. 11, 537; cf. id. ib. 7, 347:

non debemus ita cadere animis, etc.,

to lose courage, be disheartened, Cic. Fam. 6, 1, 4:

tam graviter,

id. Off. 1, 21, 73; cf. Sen. Ep. 8, 3.—Esp., to fail in speaking:

magnus orator est... minimeque in lubrico versabitur, et si semel constiterit numquam cadet,

Cic. Or. 28, 98:

alte enim cadere non potest,

id. ib. —So in the lang. of the jurists, causā or formulā, to lose one ' s cause or suit:

causā cadere,

Cic. Inv. 2, 19, 57; so id. de Or. 1, 36, 166 sq.; id. Fam. 7, 14, 1; Quint. 7, 3, 17; Luc. 2, 554; Suet. Calig. 39:

formulā cadere,

Sen. Ep. 48, 10; Quint. 3, 6, 69.—With in:

ita quemquam cadere in judicio, ut, etc.,

Cic. Mur. 28, 58.—Also absol.:

cadere,

Tac. H. 4, 6; and:

criminibus repetundarum,

id. ib. 1, 77:

conjurationis crimine,

id. A. 6, 14:

ut cecidit Fortuna Phrygum,

Ov. M. 13, 435:

omniaque ingrato litore vota cadunt, i. e. irrita sunt,

remain unfulfilled, unaccomplished, Prop. 1, 17, 4 (diff. from Tib. 2, 2, 17; v. above, D. 2.); cf.:

at mea nocturno verba cadunt zephyro,

Prop. 1, 16, 34:

multa renascentur, quae jam cecidere, cadentque Quae nunc sunt in honore vocabula,

to fall into disuse, grow out of date, Hor. A. P. 70 —Hence of theatrical representations, to fall through, to fail, be condemned (opp. stare, to win applause;

the fig. derived from combatants): securus cadat an recto stet fabula talo,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 176.— Impers.. periculum est, ne cadatur, Aug. Don. Persev. 1.—

Esp. of the wind (opp. surgo), to abate, subside, die away, etc.:

cadit Eurus et umida surgunt Nubila,

Ov. M. 8, 2:

ventus premente nebulā cecidit,

Liv. 29, 27, 10:

cadente jam Euro,

id. 25, 27, 11:

venti vis omnis cecidit,

id. 26, 39, 8:

ubi primum aquilones ceciderunt,

id. 36, 43, 11; cf.:

sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor,

Verg. A. 1, 154:

ventosi ceciderunt murmuris aurae,

id. E. 9, 58; id. G. 1, 354 Serv. and Wagn.—

Rhet. and gram. t. t. of words, syllables, clauses, etc., to be terminated, end, close:

verba melius in syllabas longiores cadunt,

Cic. Or. 57, 194; 67, 223: qua (littera [p. 260] sc. m) nullum Graece verbum cadit, Quint. 12, 10, 31:

plerique censent cadere tantum numerose oportere terminarique sententiam,

Cic. Or. 59, 199; so id. Brut. 8, 34:

apto cadens oratio,

Quint. 9, 4, 32:

numerus opportune cadens,

id. 9, 4, 27:

ultima syllaba in gravem vel duas graves cadit semper,

id. 12, 10, 33 Spald.: similiter cadentia = omoioptôta, the ending of words with the same cases or verbal forms, diff. from similiter desinentia = omoioteleuta, similar endings of any kind, Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 206; id. Or. 34, 135; Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28; Quint. 9, 4, 42; cf. id. 9, 4, 18; 9, 3, 78; 9, 3, 79; 1, 7, 23; Aquil. Rom. Figur. §§ 25 and 26.

clēmens, entis (abl. usu. -ti;

but -te,

Liv. 1, 26, 8; Laber. ap. Macr. S. 2, 7, 3), adj. [etym. dub.; cf. lemures; and Germ. hold].

Orig. (in the class. per. very rare), of the quiet, placid, pleasant state of the air, wind, or weather, mild, calm, soft, gentle ( = the class. placidus, quietus): undae clementi flamine pulsae, * Cat. 64, 272:

clementior Auster vela vocat,

Stat. Th. 5, 468:

aura Favoni,

Claud. Cons. Prob. Olyb. 272; cf. id. III. Cons. Hon. 165; Val. Fl. 6, 747:

clementior dies,

Col. 11, 2, 2:

clementior Arctos,

Sil. 1, 198:

clementiores plagae (opp. Septentrio),

Pall. Febr. 12, 1.—Hence,

Esp.

Of the gentle motion of the sea, rivers, etc., placid, calm, etc.:

mare,

Gell. 2, 21, 1:

Pasitigris clementiore alveo praeterit, etc. (preced. by: praeceps inter saxa devolvitur),

Curt. 5, 3, 1:

quā sit clementissimus amnis,

Ov. M. 9, 116.—

Of places (opp. praeceps), smooth, of a gentle ascent:

clivulus,

App. M. 4, p. 144.—Far more freq.,

Trop.

Of a calm, unexcited, passionless state of mind, quiet, mild, gentle, tranquil, kind (syn.:

placidus, lenis): clementem vocabo non in alieno dolore facilem, sed eum, qui cum suis stimulis exagitetur, non prosilit, etc.,

Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 3:

egit semper vitam... clemens, placidus,

Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 10:

vita urbana atque otium,

id. ib. 1, 1, 17 (cf. with Cic. Rab. Post. 7, 17:

vita quieta atque otiosa): ille suam semper egit vitam in otio, in conviviis: clemens, placidus,

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10; Liv. 38, 17, 17 (cf. the passages under clementia, cited from Flor.):

cupio, patres conscripti, me esse clementem: cupio in tantis rei publicae periculis me non dissolutum videri,

Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4:

etsi satis clemens sum in disputando, tamen interdum soleo subirasci,

id. Fin. 2, 4, 12:

(Arimphaeis) ritus clementes,

Plin. 6, 13, 14, § 35.—

Transf. to animals. tame, domesticated: clementius genus columbarum [p. 353] (opp. agrestes), Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 2.—

Specif.

Mild in respect to the faults and failures of others, i. e. forbearing, indulgent, compassionate, merciful (class.; syn.: mitis, benignus, humanus, lenis, facilis, indulgens;

opp.: crudelis, inhumanus, asper al.): clementi (mi) animo ignoscet,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 37; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 22:

judices et misericordes,

Cic. Planc. 13, 31; cf.

C. 3, 11, 46; Tac. A. 2, 57:

vir et contra audaciam fortissimus et ab innocentiā clementissimus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Nep. Epam. 3, 2:

legis interpres,

Liv. 1, 26, 8:

dominus facilis et clemens,

Suet. Aug. 67:

justa et clemens servitus,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 9:

castigatio,

Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

clementior sententia,

Liv. 8, 31, 8.—More unusual: rumor, i. e. non nimius, mild, mitigated, praos (acc. to Prisc. p. 1202 P.), Sall. J. 22, 1.—

Poet. of places:

pars (insulae) ratibus clemens,

accessible, Claud. B. Gild. 511.— Adv.: clē-menter.

(Acc. to I. A.) Gently, softly, mildly:

non desiit adsidue tremere Campania, clementius quidem, sed ingenti damno,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 31, 1:

agitant venti oleas,

Pall. Nov. 5:

spirant clementius Austri,

Stat. S. 2, 2, 27.—So of moderate, slow action gen.: Eu. Sequere sis. Ch. Sequor. Eu. Clementer quaeso;

calces deteris,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 111; so id. Stich. 4, 1, 26; id. Ep. 2, 2, 23. —

(Acc. to I. B. 2.) By degrees, gradually, gently:

clementer et molliter assurgens collis,

Col. 2, 2, 1; cf. Tac. A. 13, 38:

editum jugum,

id. G. 1; Sil. 1, 274; Sen. Oedip. 280:

accedere,

Tac. A. 12, 33; cf. in comp.:

explorare, si quā Appennini juga clementius adirentur,

id. H. 3, 52.—

(Acc. to II. A.) Quietly, placidly, tranquilly, calmly: accipere aliquid clementius aequo, * Lucr. 3, 314:

si quid est factum clementer, ut dissolute factum criminer,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 19:

leniter hominem clementerque accepit,

id. ib. 2, 4, 40, §

86: ferre aliquid,

id. Att. 6, 1, 3:

consolationes clementer admotae,

Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 11:

quo id pacto fieri possit clementissime,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 5:

leo caudam clementer et blande movet,

Gell. 5, 14, 12.—

(Acc. to II. B.) With forbearance, mildly, with indulgence:

clementer et moderate jus dicere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 20:

clementer a consule accepti,

Liv. 27, 15, 2:

clementer ductis militibus,

i.e. peacefully, without plundering, id. 29, 2, 1.— Comp.:

clementius tractare aliquem,

Plin. Ep. 8, 24, 5.— Sup.:

clementissime scribere de aliquo,

Gell. 1, 18, 3:

qui victoriā civili clementissime usus est,

Sen. Ira, 2, 23, 4.

Clēmens, entis, m., a proper name, in later Lat. very freq.:

Julius,

Tac. A. 1, 23; 1, 26; 15, 73; id. H. 1, 87; 2, 12:

Arretinus,

id. ib. 4, 68; Suet. Dom. 11:

Flavius,

id. ib. 15.

clēmens, entis (abl. usu. -ti;

but -te,

Liv. 1, 26, 8; Laber. ap. Macr. S. 2, 7, 3), adj. [etym. dub.; cf. lemures; and Germ. hold].

Orig. (in the class. per. very rare), of the quiet, placid, pleasant state of the air, wind, or weather, mild, calm, soft, gentle ( = the class. placidus, quietus): undae clementi flamine pulsae, * Cat. 64, 272:

clementior Auster vela vocat,

Stat. Th. 5, 468:

aura Favoni,

Claud. Cons. Prob. Olyb. 272; cf. id. III. Cons. Hon. 165; Val. Fl. 6, 747:

clementior dies,

Col. 11, 2, 2:

clementior Arctos,

Sil. 1, 198:

clementiores plagae (opp. Septentrio),

Pall. Febr. 12, 1.—Hence,

Esp.

Of the gentle motion of the sea, rivers, etc., placid, calm, etc.:

mare,

Gell. 2, 21, 1:

Pasitigris clementiore alveo praeterit, etc. (preced. by: praeceps inter saxa devolvitur),

Curt. 5, 3, 1:

quā sit clementissimus amnis,

Ov. M. 9, 116.—

Of places (opp. praeceps), smooth, of a gentle ascent:

clivulus,

App. M. 4, p. 144.—Far more freq.,

Trop.

Of a calm, unexcited, passionless state of mind, quiet, mild, gentle, tranquil, kind (syn.:

placidus, lenis): clementem vocabo non in alieno dolore facilem, sed eum, qui cum suis stimulis exagitetur, non prosilit, etc.,

Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 3:

egit semper vitam... clemens, placidus,

Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 10:

vita urbana atque otium,

id. ib. 1, 1, 17 (cf. with Cic. Rab. Post. 7, 17:

vita quieta atque otiosa): ille suam semper egit vitam in otio, in conviviis: clemens, placidus,

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10; Liv. 38, 17, 17 (cf. the passages under clementia, cited from Flor.):

cupio, patres conscripti, me esse clementem: cupio in tantis rei publicae periculis me non dissolutum videri,

Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4:

etsi satis clemens sum in disputando, tamen interdum soleo subirasci,

id. Fin. 2, 4, 12:

(Arimphaeis) ritus clementes,

Plin. 6, 13, 14, § 35.—

Transf. to animals. tame, domesticated: clementius genus columbarum [p. 353] (opp. agrestes), Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 2.—

Specif.

Mild in respect to the faults and failures of others, i. e. forbearing, indulgent, compassionate, merciful (class.; syn.: mitis, benignus, humanus, lenis, facilis, indulgens;

opp.: crudelis, inhumanus, asper al.): clementi (mi) animo ignoscet,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 37; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 22:

judices et misericordes,

Cic. Planc. 13, 31; cf.

C. 3, 11, 46; Tac. A. 2, 57:

vir et contra audaciam fortissimus et ab innocentiā clementissimus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Nep. Epam. 3, 2:

legis interpres,

Liv. 1, 26, 8:

dominus facilis et clemens,

Suet. Aug. 67:

justa et clemens servitus,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 9:

castigatio,

Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

clementior sententia,

Liv. 8, 31, 8.—More unusual: rumor, i. e. non nimius, mild, mitigated, praos (acc. to Prisc. p. 1202 P.), Sall. J. 22, 1.—

Poet. of places:

pars (insulae) ratibus clemens,

accessible, Claud. B. Gild. 511.— Adv.: clē-menter.

(Acc. to I. A.) Gently, softly, mildly:

non desiit adsidue tremere Campania, clementius quidem, sed ingenti damno,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 31, 1:

agitant venti oleas,

Pall. Nov. 5:

spirant clementius Austri,

Stat. S. 2, 2, 27.—So of moderate, slow action gen.: Eu. Sequere sis. Ch. Sequor. Eu. Clementer quaeso;

calces deteris,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 111; so id. Stich. 4, 1, 26; id. Ep. 2, 2, 23. —

(Acc. to I. B. 2.) By degrees, gradually, gently:

clementer et molliter assurgens collis,

Col. 2, 2, 1; cf. Tac. A. 13, 38:

editum jugum,

id. G. 1; Sil. 1, 274; Sen. Oedip. 280:

accedere,

Tac. A. 12, 33; cf. in comp.:

explorare, si quā Appennini juga clementius adirentur,

id. H. 3, 52.—

(Acc. to II. A.) Quietly, placidly, tranquilly, calmly: accipere aliquid clementius aequo, * Lucr. 3, 314:

si quid est factum clementer, ut dissolute factum criminer,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 19:

leniter hominem clementerque accepit,

id. ib. 2, 4, 40, §

86: ferre aliquid,

id. Att. 6, 1, 3:

consolationes clementer admotae,

Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 11:

quo id pacto fieri possit clementissime,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 5:

leo caudam clementer et blande movet,

Gell. 5, 14, 12.—

(Acc. to II. B.) With forbearance, mildly, with indulgence:

clementer et moderate jus dicere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 20:

clementer a consule accepti,

Liv. 27, 15, 2:

clementer ductis militibus,

i.e. peacefully, without plundering, id. 29, 2, 1.— Comp.:

clementius tractare aliquem,

Plin. Ep. 8, 24, 5.— Sup.:

clementissime scribere de aliquo,

Gell. 1, 18, 3:

qui victoriā civili clementissime usus est,

Sen. Ira, 2, 23, 4.

Clēmens, entis, m., a proper name, in later Lat. very freq.:

Julius,

Tac. A. 1, 23; 1, 26; 15, 73; id. H. 1, 87; 2, 12:

Arretinus,

id. ib. 4, 68; Suet. Dom. 11:

Flavius,

id. ib. 15.

clēmens, entis (abl. usu. -ti;

but -te,

Liv. 1, 26, 8; Laber. ap. Macr. S. 2, 7, 3), adj. [etym. dub.; cf. lemures; and Germ. hold].

Orig. (in the class. per. very rare), of the quiet, placid, pleasant state of the air, wind, or weather, mild, calm, soft, gentle ( = the class. placidus, quietus): undae clementi flamine pulsae, * Cat. 64, 272:

clementior Auster vela vocat,

Stat. Th. 5, 468:

aura Favoni,

Claud. Cons. Prob. Olyb. 272; cf. id. III. Cons. Hon. 165; Val. Fl. 6, 747:

clementior dies,

Col. 11, 2, 2:

clementior Arctos,

Sil. 1, 198:

clementiores plagae (opp. Septentrio),

Pall. Febr. 12, 1.—Hence,

Esp.

Of the gentle motion of the sea, rivers, etc., placid, calm, etc.:

mare,

Gell. 2, 21, 1:

Pasitigris clementiore alveo praeterit, etc. (preced. by: praeceps inter saxa devolvitur),

Curt. 5, 3, 1:

quā sit clementissimus amnis,

Ov. M. 9, 116.—

Of places (opp. praeceps), smooth, of a gentle ascent:

clivulus,

App. M. 4, p. 144.—Far more freq.,

Trop.

Of a calm, unexcited, passionless state of mind, quiet, mild, gentle, tranquil, kind (syn.:

placidus, lenis): clementem vocabo non in alieno dolore facilem, sed eum, qui cum suis stimulis exagitetur, non prosilit, etc.,

Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 3:

egit semper vitam... clemens, placidus,

Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 10:

vita urbana atque otium,

id. ib. 1, 1, 17 (cf. with Cic. Rab. Post. 7, 17:

vita quieta atque otiosa): ille suam semper egit vitam in otio, in conviviis: clemens, placidus,

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10; Liv. 38, 17, 17 (cf. the passages under clementia, cited from Flor.):

cupio, patres conscripti, me esse clementem: cupio in tantis rei publicae periculis me non dissolutum videri,

Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4:

etsi satis clemens sum in disputando, tamen interdum soleo subirasci,

id. Fin. 2, 4, 12:

(Arimphaeis) ritus clementes,

Plin. 6, 13, 14, § 35.—

Transf. to animals. tame, domesticated: clementius genus columbarum [p. 353] (opp. agrestes), Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 2.—

Specif.

Mild in respect to the faults and failures of others, i. e. forbearing, indulgent, compassionate, merciful (class.; syn.: mitis, benignus, humanus, lenis, facilis, indulgens;

opp.: crudelis, inhumanus, asper al.): clementi (mi) animo ignoscet,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 37; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 22:

judices et misericordes,

Cic. Planc. 13, 31; cf.

C. 3, 11, 46; Tac. A. 2, 57:

vir et contra audaciam fortissimus et ab innocentiā clementissimus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Nep. Epam. 3, 2:

legis interpres,

Liv. 1, 26, 8:

dominus facilis et clemens,

Suet. Aug. 67:

justa et clemens servitus,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 9:

castigatio,

Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

clementior sententia,

Liv. 8, 31, 8.—More unusual: rumor, i. e. non nimius, mild, mitigated, praos (acc. to Prisc. p. 1202 P.), Sall. J. 22, 1.—

Poet. of places:

pars (insulae) ratibus clemens,

accessible, Claud. B. Gild. 511.— Adv.: clē-menter.

(Acc. to I. A.) Gently, softly, mildly:

non desiit adsidue tremere Campania, clementius quidem, sed ingenti damno,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 31, 1:

agitant venti oleas,

Pall. Nov. 5:

spirant clementius Austri,

Stat. S. 2, 2, 27.—So of moderate, slow action gen.: Eu. Sequere sis. Ch. Sequor. Eu. Clementer quaeso;

calces deteris,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 111; so id. Stich. 4, 1, 26; id. Ep. 2, 2, 23. —

(Acc. to I. B. 2.) By degrees, gradually, gently:

clementer et molliter assurgens collis,

Col. 2, 2, 1; cf. Tac. A. 13, 38:

editum jugum,

id. G. 1; Sil. 1, 274; Sen. Oedip. 280:

accedere,

Tac. A. 12, 33; cf. in comp.:

explorare, si quā Appennini juga clementius adirentur,

id. H. 3, 52.—

(Acc. to II. A.) Quietly, placidly, tranquilly, calmly: accipere aliquid clementius aequo, * Lucr. 3, 314:

si quid est factum clementer, ut dissolute factum criminer,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 19:

leniter hominem clementerque accepit,

id. ib. 2, 4, 40, §

86: ferre aliquid,

id. Att. 6, 1, 3:

consolationes clementer admotae,

Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 11:

quo id pacto fieri possit clementissime,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 5:

leo caudam clementer et blande movet,

Gell. 5, 14, 12.—

(Acc. to II. B.) With forbearance, mildly, with indulgence:

clementer et moderate jus dicere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 20:

clementer a consule accepti,

Liv. 27, 15, 2:

clementer ductis militibus,

i.e. peacefully, without plundering, id. 29, 2, 1.— Comp.:

clementius tractare aliquem,

Plin. Ep. 8, 24, 5.— Sup.:

clementissime scribere de aliquo,

Gell. 1, 18, 3:

qui victoriā civili clementissime usus est,

Sen. Ira, 2, 23, 4.

Clēmens, entis, m., a proper name, in later Lat. very freq.:

Julius,

Tac. A. 1, 23; 1, 26; 15, 73; id. H. 1, 87; 2, 12:

Arretinus,

id. ib. 4, 68; Suet. Dom. 11:

Flavius,

id. ib. 15.

crĕpĭtus, ūs, m. [crepo], a rattling, creaking, clattering, clashing, rustling, a noise, etc. (in good prose).

In gen.:

cardinum,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 1; cf.

claustrorum (with sonitus),

id. ib. 1, 3, 47:

carbasi,

Lucr. 6, 110:

e motu frenorum,

Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 12:

dentium,

a chattering, Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19:

pedum,

id. Top. 12, 52:

armorum,

Liv. 25, 6, 21; 38, 17, 5: alarum (anserum). id. 5, 47, 4:

plagarum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 62, § 162:

inlisae manus umeris,

Sen. Ep. 56, 1:

tibiarum et scabellorum,

Suet. Calig. 54:

arboris,

Plin. 10, 18, 20, § 40:

imbrium,

a pattering, id. 12, 1, 5, § 10:

sonitus, tonitrus,

a crash, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 10: digitorum, a snapping of the fingers, as the signal of a command (cf. crepo and concrepo), Mart. 14, 119.—

In partic.: crepitus (sc. ventris), a breaking wind with noise, = pordê (diff. from flatus, without noise), Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 16; Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 5: Sen. Ep. 91, 19; Plin. 27, 12, 87, § 110 al.;

with flatus,

Suet. Claud. 32.

fistŭla, ae, f. [findo, fis-sum].

In gen., a pipe, tube, e. g. a water-pipe (usually of lead;

syn.: tubus, canalis, sypho),

Cic. Rab. Perd. 11, 31; Front. Aquaed. 25 sq.; Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 224; 31, 6, 31, § 58; Ov. M. 4, 122; Inscr. Orell. 3322; 3324; 3892; the wind-pipe and gullet, Plin. 11, 37, 66, § 175; Gell. 17, 11, 4; the tubular vessels in the lungs, Plin. 11, 37, 72, § 188; in the teeth, id. 11, 37, 62, § 163; a hole in a sponge, id. 31, 11, 47, § 123 al.; the blow-hole of the whale, id. 9, 7, 6, § 19.—

In partic.

A hollow reed-stalk, a reed, cane, Plin. 12, 22, 48, § 106; 19, 5, 23, § 66.—

Transf.

A reed-pipe, shepherd's pipe, pipes of Pan (made of several reeds gradually decreasing in length and calibre), the Greek surinx, invented by Pan (syn.:

tibia, sura): fistula, cui semper decrescit arundinis ordo: Nam calamus cerā jungitur usque minor,

Tib. 2, 5, 31; cf. Verg. E. 2, 32 sq.; Ov. M. 1, 688 sq.; 2, 682; 13, 784; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 204; Hor. C. 4, 1, 24; 4, 12, 10 et al.: eburneola, a pitch-pipe, for giving the tone in which an orator should speak, Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225 sq.; cf. Quint. 1, 10, 27.— In comic transf.: itaque et ludis et gladiatoribus mirandas episêmasias sine ulla pastoricia fistula auferebamus, i. e. without being hissed off, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 11.—

A writing-reed, Pers. 3, 14.—

A sort of ulcer, a fistula, Cels. 2, 8 med.; 5, 12; 7, 4; Plin. 20, 9, 33, § 55; 24, 11, 51, § 88; Cato, R. R. 157, 14; Nep. Att. 21, 3.—

Fistula sutoria, a shoemaker's punch, Plin. 17, 14, 23, § 100.—

A catheter:

aeneae fistulae fiunt,

Cels. 7, 26, 1 init. —

Fistula farraria, a sort of hand-mill for grinding corn, Cato, R. R. 10, 3;

also called fistula serrata,

Plin. 18, 10, 23, § 97.

prae-stringo, inxi, ictum, 3, v. a., to bind fast or hard, to bind or tie up; to squeeze tight, compress, etc.

Lit. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

praestrictā fauce,

Ov. Ib. 551:

praestricta manus,

Sen. Troad. 560:

pollices vincire, nodoque praestringere,

Tac. A. 12, 47:

dracones circumplexu facili (elephantos) ambiunt, nexuque nodi praestringunt,

Plin. 8, 11, 11, § 32:

praestringere et strangulare,

id. 17, 24, 37, § 234:

vehementer praestringere aliquid,

id. 10, 72, 92, § 192:

umor praestrictus gelu,

id. 17, 24, 37, § 217:

ventus praestringit atque percellit radices arborum, i. e. comprimit,

id. 18, 34, 77, § 334:

panis datur ex vino ad discutienda, quae praestringi opus est, i. e. coërceri, sisti,

id. 22, 25, 68, § 138.—

Transf.

To bind or wind about ( poet.):

alicujus tempora sertis,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 112.—

To graze, touch:

portam vomere,

Cic. Phil. 2, 40, 102 (al. perstringere):

Taifalorum terras praestringens,

Amm. 31, 3, 7:

praestrictis palatii januis,

i. e. passed without entering, id. 14, 7, 10.—

Trop. (post-class.):

rerum novarum lugubri visu praestrictus,

touched, struck, Amm. 29, 6, 9; cf. id. 16, 10, 13.—Hence, esp., to touch in speaking, to mention:

nomen,

Amm. 26, 1, 4; cf. id. 22, 15, 3.—With acc. and inf., Amm. 21, 7, 2.—

To weaken, blunt, make dull.

In gen.:

illi quorum lingua gladiorum aciem praestringit domi, i. e. by boasting,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 11:

acies ferri praestringitur,

Plin. 7, 15, 13, § 64:

nitorem eboris,

to dim, id. ib.: vites, to deprive them of their eyes or buds, id. 17, 24, 37, § 227.—

Esp.: praestringere aciem oculorum or oculos, to blind (class.):

aciem oculorum,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 4; Lucil. ap. Non. 34, 32; Liv. 40, 58, 4; cf. oculos, Varr. ap. Non. 35, 5; Cic. Vatin. 10, 24; Sen. Ep. 110, 17:

obtutum oculorum,

Amm. 17, 7, 2.— Trop.:

vos aciem animorum nostrorum virtutis splendore praestringitis,

Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 37; so,

aciem animi,

id. Phil. 12, 2, 3; Vell. 2, 118, 4:

aciem mentis,

Cic. Div. 1, 29, 61; cf.:

oculos mentis,

id. Sen. 12, 42:

aciem ingenii,

id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:

mentes,

Amm. 30, 1, 15: praestigias, Caecil. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73 (Com. Rel. p. 59 Rib.).

sĭnus, ūs, m.

In gen., a bent surface (raised or depressed), a curve, fold, a hollow, etc. (so mostly poet. and in postAug. prose): draco... conficiens sinus e corpore flexos, folds, coils, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 106; so Ov. M. 15, 689; 15, 721:

sinu ex togā facto,

Liv. 21, 18 fin. —Of the bag of a fishing-net:

quando abiit rete pessum, tum adducit sinum (piscator),

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 15; so Juv. 4, 41;

and of a hunter's net,

Mart. 13, 100; Grat. Cyn. 29;

also of a spider's web,

Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 82.—Of the bend or belly of a sail swollen by the wind:

velorum plenos subtrahis ipse sinus,

Prop. 3, 9 (4, 8), 30;

and so with or without velum,

Tib. 1, 3, 38; Verg. A. 3, 455; 5, 831; Ov. A. A. 3, 500; Luc. 6, 472; Sil. 7, 242; Quint. 10, 7, 23; 12, 10, 37 al.—Of hair, a curl, ringlet:

ut fieret torto flexilis orbe sinus,

Ov. Am. 1, 14, 26; id. A. A. 3, 148.— Of the curve of a reaping-hook:

falcis ea pars, quae flectitur, sinus nominatur,

Col. 4, 25, 1 sq. —Of bones, a sinus:

umeri,

Cels. 8, 1 med.; cf.

ulceris,

id. 7, 2 med.:

suppurationis ferro recisae,

Col. 6, 11, 1; Veg. 4, 9, 3.—

In partic.

The hanging fold of the upper part of the toga, about the breast, the bosom of a garment; also the bosom of a person; sometimes also the lap (= gremium, the predom. class. signif.; esp. freq. in a trop. sense).

Lit.:

est aliquid in amictu: quod ipsum aliquatenus temporum condicione mutatum est. Nam veteribus nulli sinus, perquam breves post illos fuerunt,

Quint. 11, 3, 137; cf.

decentissimus,

id. 11, 3, 140 sq.:

(Caesar moriens) sinistrā manu sinum ad ima crura deduxit, quo honestius caderet,

Suet. Caes. 82 (for which, of the same:

togam manu demisit,

Val. Max. 4, 5, 6); Tib. 1, 6, 18:

praetextae sinus,

Suet. Vesp. 5:

ne admissum quidem quemquam senatorum nisi solum et praetentato sinu,

id. Aug. 35:

ut conchas legerent galeasque et sinus replerent,

id. Calig. 46:

cedo mihi ex ipsius sinu litteras Syracusanorum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147:

aurum in sinu ejus invenerunt,

Quint. 7, 1, 30:

paternos In sinu ferens deos,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 27:

nuda genu, nodoque sinus collecta fluentis,

Verg. A. 1, 320:

et fluit effuso cui toga laxa sinu,

Tib. 1, 6, 14; cf.:

micat igneus ostro, Undantemque sinum nodis irrugat Iberis,

Stat. Th. 4, 265:

ad haec, quae a fortunā sparguntur, sinum expandit,

eagerly embraces, grasps, Sen. Ep. 74, 6:

aliquid velut magnum bonum intra sinum continere,

id. Vit. Beat. 23, 3; cf.:

sinum subducere alicui rei,

to reject, id. Thyest. 430.—Prov.:

sinu laxo (i. e. soluto) ferre aliquid,

i. e. to be careless about a thing, Hor. S. 2, 3, 172. —

Transf.

The purse, money, which was carried in the bosom of the toga (cf. supra, the passage, Quint. 7, 1, 30, and v. crumena; poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

semper amatorum ponderat illa sinus,

Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 12:

quo pretium condat, non habet ille sinum,

Ov. Am. 1, 10, 18:

aere sinus plenos urbe reportare, Col. poët. 10, 310: plurium sinum ac domum inplere,

Sen. Ben. 6, 43, 1:

qui etiam condemnationes in sinum vertisse dicuntur... praedam omnem in sinum contulit,

into his purse, Lampr. Commod. 14 fin.:

avaritiae,

Juv. 1, 88.—Hence, M. Scaurus Marianis sodaliciis rapinarum provincialium sinus, the pocketer, i. e. the receiver, Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 116; cf. Tac. H. 2, 92 fin.; 4, 14.—

Poet., a garment, in gen.:

Tyrio prodeat apta sinu,

Tib. 1, 9, 72; 1, 6, 18:

auratus,

Ov. F. 2, 310:

purpureus,

id. ib. 5, 28:

regalis,

id. H. 13, 36; 5, 71; Stat. S. 2, 1, 133.—

The bosom of a person:

manum in sinum alicui Inserere,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 2:

gelu rigentem colubram sinu fovit,

Phaedr. 4, 17, 3:

opposuit sinum Antonius stricto ferro,

Tac. H. 3, 10:

scortum in sinu consulis recubans,

Liv. 39, 43:

tangitur, et tacto concipit illa sinu, i. e. utero,

Ov. F. 5, 256:

usque metu micuere sinus, dum, etc.,

id. H. 1, 45:

horum in sinum omnia congerebant,

Plin. Pan. 45.—

Trop.

The bosom, as in most other languages, for love, protection, asylum, etc. (usu. in the phrases in sinu esse, habere, etc.;

syn. gremium): hic non amandus? hiccine non gestandus in sinu est?

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 75:

iste vero sit in sinu semper et complexu meo,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 3; cf.:

postremum genus proprium est Catilinae, de ejus delectu, immo vero de complexu ejus ac sinu,

id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:

suo sinu complexuque aliquem recipere,

id. Phil. 13, 4, 9; so (with complexus) id. ib. 2, 25, 61:

(Pompeius), mihi crede, in sinu est,

is very dear to me, id. Q. Fr. 2, 13, 1:

Bibulum noli dimittere e sinu tuo,

from your intimacy, id. ad Brut. 1, 7, 2:

praesertim si in amici sinu defieas,

on the bosom, Plin. Ep. 8, 16, 5:

in hujus sinu indulgentiāque educatus,

Tac. Agr. 4; so id. Or. 28; cf.: etsi commotus ingenio, simulationum tamen falsa in sinu avi perdidicerat, i. e. under the care or tuition, id. A. 6, 45 fin.:

confugit in sinum tuum concussa respublica,

i. e. into your arms, Plin. Pan. 6, 3; id. Ep. 8, 12, 1:

optatum negotium sibi in sinum delatum esse dicebat,

committed to his guardianship, care, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 50, § 131; cf. Plin. Pan. 45, 2:

respublica in Vespasiani sinum cessisset,

Tac. H. 3, 69; 3, 19; Dig. 22, 3, 27:

sinum praebere tam alte cadenti,

protection, Sen. Ira, 3, 23, 6.—

The interior, the inmost part of a thing:

alii intra moenia atque in sinu urbis sunt hostes,

in the midst, in the heart of the city, Sall. C. 52, 35:

in urbe ac sinu cavendum hostem,

Tac. H. 3, 38; Sil. 4, 34; 6, 652; Claud. Eutr. 2, 575:

ut (hostis) fronte simul et sinu exciperetur,

in the centre, Tac. A. 13, 40:

in intimo sinu pacis,

i. e. in the midst of a profound peace, Plin. Pan. 56, 4.—

In sinu alicujus, in the power or possession of (postAug. and rare):

opes Cremonensium in sinu praefectorum fore,

Tac. H. 3, 19:

omnem fortunam in sinu meo habui,

Dig. 22, 3, 27.—

A hiding-place, place of concealment: ut in sinu gaudeant, gloriose loqui desinunt, qs. in their bosoms (or, as we say, in their sleeve), i. e. in secret, Cic. Tusc. 3, 21, 51;

so of secret joy,

Tib. 4, 13, 8:

in tacito cohibe gaudia clausa sinu,

Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 30; Sen. Ep. 105, 3; cf.

also: plaudere in sinum,

Tert. Pudic. 6: suum potius cubiculum ac sinum offerre contegendis quae, etc., the secrecy or concealment of her bed-chamber, Tac. A. 13, 13:

abditis pecuniis per occultos aut ambitiosos sinus,

i. e. in hidingplaces offered by obscurity or by high rank, id. H. 2, 92.—

Sinus Abrahae, the place of the spirits of the just (eccl. Lat.):

sinum Abrahae, regionem non caelestem, sublimiorem tamen Inferis,

Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 34. —

A bay, bight, gulf:

ut primum ex alto sinus ab litore ad urbem inflectitur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30; cf.:

portus infusi in sinus oppidi,

id. Rep. 3, 31, 43; 1, 3, 5; id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 31; id. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 145; id. Att. 16, 6, 1; * Caes. B. C. 2, 32; Sall. J. 78, 2; Liv. 8, 24; Plin. 2, 43, 44, § 114 (Jahn, nivibus); Suet. Aug. 98; id. Tib. 16; Verg. A. 1, 243; 6, 132; Hor. C. 1, 33, 16; id. Epod. 10, 19.—

Transf.

The land lying on a gulf, a point of land that helps to form it (perh. not ante-Aug.):

segetibus in sinu Aenianum vastatis,

Liv. 28, 5 Drak.:

jam in sinum Maliacum venerat (with an army),

id. 37, 6; Tac. A. 14, 9; id. H. 3, 66; id. Agr. 23; Plin. 6, 8, 8, § 23; Just. [p. 1710] 2, 4, 26; 24, 4, 3.—

A curve or fold in land, a basin, hollow, valley:

Arpini terra campestri agro in ingentem sinum consedit,

Liv. 30, 2, 12:

subito dehiscit terra, et immenso sinu laxata patuit,

Sen. Oedip. 582; id. Herc. Fur. 679; Plin. 2, 44, 44, § 115:

jugum montis velut sinu quodam flexuque curvatum,

Curt. 3, 4, 6:

montium,

id. 3, 9, 12.

sīnus, i, m., v. sinum.

sisto, stĭti (Charis. p. 220, and Diom. p. 369, give steti for both sisto and sto, confining stiti to the compounds of both. But steti, as perfect of sisto, is late jurid. Lat., and perh. dub.;

for steterant,

Verg. A. 3, 110;

steterint,

id. ib. 3, 403; Liv. 8, 32, 12, belong to stare; cf. also Gell. 2, 14, 1 sqq.; and v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 461 sq.), stătum [root stă, strengthened by reduplication; cf. histêmi], used in two general senses, I. To cause to stand, place, = colloco, pono; II. To stand, be placed, = sto.

Sistere, in gen., = collocare (in class. prose only in the partic. uses, v. A. 4. C. and D., infra).

Causative, with acc.

To place = facere ut stet; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with ad, super, etc., and acc.:

O qui me gelidis in vallibus Haemi Sistat,

Verg. G. 2, 489:

tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris,

id. A. 3, 117 (classis stat;

v. sto): inque tuo celerem litore siste gradum,

Ov. H. 13, 102 (cf. infra, III. 2. A.):

jaculum clamanti (al. clamantis) sistit in ore,

plants the dart in his face, Verg. A. 10, 323:

disponit quas in fronte manus, medio quas robore sistat,

Stat. Th. 7, 393:

(equum ligneum) sacratā sistimus arā,

Verg. A. 2, 245:

aeternis potius me pruinis siste,

Stat. Th. 4, 395: ut stata (est) lux pelago, as soon as light was set ( shone) on the sea, id. ib. 5, 476:

victima Sistitur ante aras,

Ov. M. 15, 132:

quam (suem) Aeneas ubi... sistit ad aram,

Verg. A. 8, 85:

post haec Sistitur crater,

Ov. M. 8, 669: vestigia in altero (monte) sisti (non posse), that no footprints can be placed ( made) on the other mountain, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211:

cohortes expeditas super caput hostium sistit,

Tac. H. 3, 77; cf. id. A. 12, 13; Stat. Th. 4, 445; Sil. 4, 612. —

To place, as the result of guidance or conveyance; hence, to convey, to send, lead, take, conduct to, = facere ut veniat; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with advv. of place: officio meo ripā sistetur in illā Haec, will be carried by me to, etc., Ov. M. 9, 109:

terrā sistēre petitā,

id. ib. 3, 635:

(vos) facili jam tramite sistam,

Verg. A. 6, 676:

ut eum in Syriā aut Aegypto sisterent orabat,

to convey him to, Tac. H. 2, 9.—So with hic (= in with abl.) or huc (= in with acc.):

hic siste patrem,

Sen. Phoen. 121:

Annam huc siste sororem,

Verg. A. 4, 634.—

To place an army in order of battle, draw up, = instruere:

aciem in litore sistit,

Verg. A. 10, 309; cf.:

sistere tertiam decimam legionem in ipso aggere jubet,

Tac. H. 3, 21.—

Se sistere = to betake one's self, to present one's self, to come (so twice in Cicero's letters):

des operam, id quod mihi affirmasti, ut te ante Kal. Jan., ubicumque erimus, sistas,

Cic. Att. 3, 25:

te vegetum nobis in Graeciā sistas,

id. ib. 10, 16, 6 (cf. infra, E.):

hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu Sistit,

Verg. A. 11, 853.—

With two acc. (cf.: praesto, reddo) = to cause to be in a certain condition, to place, etc.; often with dat. of interest (ante- and post-class., and poet.; cf.

supra, 4.): ego vos salvos sistam,

I will place you in safety, see you to a safe place, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 5:

omnia salva sistentur tibi,

all will be returned to you in good order, id. ib. 5, 3, 3; so,

suam rem sibi salvam sistam,

id. Poen. 5, 2, 123; cf.:

rectius tacitas tibi res sistam, quam quod dictum est mutae mulieri,

will keep your secrets, id. ib. 4, 2, 54:

neque (dotem) incolumem sistere illi, et detraxe autument,

that you deliver it entire to her, id. Trin. 3, 3, 15:

cum te reducem aetas prospera sistet,

Cat. 64, 238: tu modo servitio vacuum me siste (= praesta) superbo, set me free from, Prop. 4, 16 (3, 17), 42:

tutum patrio te limine sistam,

will see you safe home, Verg. A. 2, 620:

praedā onustos triumphantesque mecum domos reduces sistatis,

Liv. 29, 27, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

Pelasgis siste levem campum,

Stat. Th. 8, 328:

modo se isdem in terris victorem sisterent,

Tac. A. 2, 14:

operā tuā sistas hunc nobis sanum atque validum,

give him back to us, safe and sound, Gell. 18, 10, 7: ita mihi salvam ac sospitem rempublicam sistere in suā sede liceat, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 28.—